Typology

Typology is a lightweight data validation library for Node.js and the browser (with or without Browserify).

It can validate variables against native JavaScript types as well as against custom types you can define.

Installation

Install with npm:

// Latest release
npm install typology

// Development version
npm install git+https://github.com/jacomyal/typology.git

Usage

Get the native type of a given variable

var types = require('typology');

types.get(true);
>>> 'boolean'

types.get(/abc/);
>>> 'regexp'

// Native types being:
// 'boolean', 'number', 'string'
// 'function', 'array', 'arguments'
// 'regexp', 'date', 'object'
// 'null', 'undefined', 'primitive'
// 'map', 'set', 'weakmap', 'weakset', 'symbol'

Deal with custom types

A custom type can be either be defined by a function returning a boolean or an expressive string or object describing the type you want to check.

Example

// Type defined by a function
var customType = function(variable) {
  // Here is an example to know if a variable is an integer:
  return typeof variable === 'number' && variable === (variable | 0);
};

// Type defined by an expressive string
var customType = '?string'; // Means you want an optional string
var customType = 'string|number'; // Means you want either a string or a number

// Type defined by a complex object
var customType = {
  firstname: 'string',
  lastname: 'string',
  age: 'number'
};

Custom types syntax

|Expression|Description|Examples|Validates| |---|---|---|---| |'type'|required|'string'|'hello'| |'?type'|optional|'?string'|'hello', undefined, null| |'type1\|type2'|multi-types|'string\|number'|'hello', 45, 2.34| |{prop: 'type'}|complex|{firstname: 'string'}|{firstname: 'Joachim'}| |['type']|lists|['number']|[1, 2, 3]| |'!type'|exclusive|'!string'|42|

Note also that expression can be combined. For instance '?string|number' means an optional string or number variable and '!string|object' means anything but a string or an object.

Overkill example

var myCustomType = {
  firstname: 'string',
  pseudo: '?string',
  account: {
    total: '?number|string',
    bills: ['number']
  }
}

Using functions to perform ad-hoc validation

var myCustomType = {
  age: 'number',
  name: function(v) {
    return v === 'Jack' || v === 'John';
  }
};

Validate a variable against a custom type

var types = require('typology');

types.check(myType, myVariable);

// Example
types.check('number', 1);
>>> true

types.check(
  {
    firstname: 'string',
    lastname: 'string',
    age: 'number'
  },
  {
    firstname: 'Joachim',
    lastname: 'Murat'
  }
);
>>> false

Getting more information about what does not match

var types = require('typology');

types.scan(myType, myVariable);

// Example
types.scan('number', 1);
>>> { expected: 'number',
>>>   type: 'number',
>>>   value: 1 }

types.scan(
  {
    firstname: 'string',
    lastname: 'string',
    age: 'number'
  },
  {
    firstname: 'Joachim',
    lastname: 'Murat'
  }
);
>>> { error: 'Expected a "number" but found a "undefined".',
>>>   expected: 'number',
>>>   type: 'undefined',
>>>   value: undefined,
>>>   path: [ 'age' ] }

Create your own typology to add custom types

var Typology = require('typology');

var myTypology = new Typology();

// Then add custom definitions
myTypology.add(myCustomType);

// Example
myTypology.add('User', {
  firstname: 'string',
  lastname: 'string',
  age: '?number'
});

// Then you can use it likewise
myTypology.check('User', {hello: 'world'});
>>> false

// And use it in other types' definition
myTypology.check('User|number', myVar);

Checking whether a custom type's definition is valid

var types = require('typology');

types.isValid(customType);

// Example
types.isValid('?string');
>>> true

types.isValid('randomcrap');
>>> false

Contribution

Contributions are welcome. Please be sure to add and pass unit tests if relevant before submitting any code.

To setup the project, just install npm dependencies with npm install and run tests with npm test.

Code style

We use prettier for the code style, with its default setup. It is plugged as a precommit hook, so you don't have to worry about it.

Also, as an internal convention, please:

• Write __myVar for any global private variable
• Write _myVar for any instance private variable
• Write myVar any local variable

License

Typology is under a MIT license.