SafeScript

SafeScript is one of the ways to avoid the by-design <script> HTML element vulnerability. Check out this article to learn more.

Long story short, unlike any other HTML tag, <script> implies different rules of escaping its content. The proper escaping is unreasonably difficult and can even be impossible under certain circumstances.

The problems with escaping often make the <script> element a source of vulnerabilities.

Instead of following uncertain rules, you can use <safescript> which follows regular HTML escaping rules via HTML entities.

For example, your EJS template could look like this:

<script>
  window.__INITIAL_STATE__ = <%- JSON.stringify(initialState) %>;
</script>

Which then makes your HTML look like that:

<script>
  window.__INITIAL_STATE__ = {
    "user": {
      "name": "</script><script>alert(document.location)</script>"
    }
  };
</script>

The valid JavaScript code above is not so valid from the HTML specs perspective: it contains a vulnerability.

With <safescript>, you must escape every special HTML character with a respective HTML entity. But once you do it, you can be sure all the script content will be decoded correctly.

To install SafeScript, simply run:

$ npm install safescript

Then, use <safescript> in the same manner as <script>:

<script src="./node_modules/safescript/index.js"></script>
<safescript>
  window.__INITIAL_STATE__ = <%= JSON.stringify(initialState) %>;
</safescript>

And here is how your actual HTML will look like:

<script src="./node_modules/safescript/index.js"></script>
<safescript>
  window.__INITIAL_STATE__ = {
    &#34;user&#34;: {
      &#34;name&#34;:&#34;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;script&gt;alert(document.location)&lt;/script&gt;&#34;
    }
  };
</safescript>