Collection

Introduction

By using this service, you can easily and safely modify collections of items and monitor their state (as well as the state of their modifications).

All the actions are immutable - items will not be modified.

Collection method calls can be completely synchronous, or asynchronous (preventing data race in asynchronous calls).

Out of the box, without any additional code, you'll be able to control your "loading" spinners, temporarily disable buttons, display success/error messages, and much more.

Example Application

You can read an introductory article that includes an example of building this application.

🖼️ StackBlitz

Here you can see how little code you need to gently manipulate your collection of art!

Benefits

✅ No data race in asynchronous calls:

• works in reactive apps with the OnPush change detection strategy;
• works in components with the Default change detection strategy;
• can be used with just the async pipe and subscribe(), or with some store;
• built-in support for Angular Signals 🚦!

✅ The service is not opinionated:

• it will not dictate how you should communicate with your APIs or other data sources;
• you decide how to run and cancel your requests. Every mutation method returns an observable, so you can decide how to orchestrate them using methods like switchMap(), mergeMap(), concatMap(), forkJoin(), or something else;
• Data sources can be synchronous (you can use of() or signal() for this purpose).

✅ Safety guarantees:

• 100% immutability;
• Duplicates prevention;
• Errors and exceptions will be handled correctly;
• Strictly typed — advanced type-checking and code completion;
• Race conditions handling.

Installation

Requires Angular 17+.
Should work fine with Angular 16 (Angular 17 is required for tests in this repository).

Yarn:

yarn add ngx-collection

NPM:

npm i ngx-collection

In your code:

import { Collection } from 'ngx-collection';

API

The API has a lot of fields and methods, but you don't have to learn and use all of them.
Just use the fields and methods that your application needs.
No worries, in your app you'll use just a few methods and even fewer fields.
API has all these methods and fields to be flexible for many different types of usage.

• API

Usage

You can use Collection class as is, or you can use it inside an @Injectable class, or you can create an @Injectable class, extending Collection class.

With @Injectable, you can control how the instance will be shared across the components.

Mutations

The Collection Service has four main methods to mutate a collection: create(), read(), update(), delete().

Create

Call create to add a new item to a collection:

this.booksCollection.create({
  request: this.booksService.saveBook(bookData),
  onSuccess: () => this.messageService.success('Created'),
  onError: () => this.messageService.error('Error'),
})

Read

read() will load the list of items:

this.booksCollection.read({
    request: this.booksService.getBooks(),
    onError: () => this.messageService.error('Can not load the list of books')
  })

Update

Use update() to modify some particular item in your collection:

this.booksCollection.update({
  request: this.booksService.saveBook(bookData),
  item: bookItem,
  onSuccess: () => this.messageService.success('Saved'),
  onError: () => this.messageService.error('Error'),
})

Delete

The usage of delete() is obvious. Let's explore a more detailed example:

export class BookStore extends ComponentStore<BookStoreState> {

  public readonly remove = this.effect<Book>(_ => _.pipe(
    exhaustMap((book) => {
      if (!book) {
        return EMPTY;
      }
      return openModalConfirm({
        title: 'Book Removal',
        question: 'Do you want to delete this book?',
      }).afterClosed().pipe(
        exhaustMap((result) => {
          if (result) {
            return this.booksCollection.delete({
              request: book.uuId ? this.booksService.removeBook(book.uuId) : undefined,
              item: book,
              onSuccess: () => this.messageService.success('Removed'),
              onError: () => this.messageService.error('Error'),
            });
          }
          return EMPTY;
        })
      );
    })
  ));
}

Instantiation Examples

Local collection

@Component({
  selector: 'example',
  standalone: true,
  ///...
})
export class ExampleComponent {
  // this collection will be only accessible to this component
  protected readonly collection = new ExampleCollection({comparatorFields: ['id']});
}

"Feature" collection

@Injectable()
export class ExampleCollection extends Collection<Example> {
   constructor() {
      super({comparatorFields: ['id']});
   }
}

@Component({
   selector: 'example',
   // ...
   providers: [
      ExampleCollection, // 👈 You need to declare it as a provider 
                         // in the "container" component of the "feature" 
                         // or in the Route object, that declares a route to the "feature".
                         // Other components (of the "feature") will inherit it from the parent components.
   ]
})
export class ExampleComponent {
   protected readonly coll = inject(ExampleCollection);
}

Global collection

If you want to access some collection from any component, you can create a global collection.

One example use case is having a list of items (ListComponent), and every item is rendered using a component (ListItemComponent). If both ListComponent and ListItemComponent use the same shared collection, changes made to one of them will be instantly reflected in the other.

To create a global collection, create a new class that extends this service and add the @Injectable({providedIn: 'root'}) decorator:

@Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' })
export class BooksCollection extends Collection<Book> {
   constructor() {
      super({comparatorFields: ['id']});
   }
}

In your component:

@Component({
  selector: 'book',
  standalone: true,
  ///...
  providers: [
    //...
    // BooksCollection should not be added here ⚠️
  ], 
})
export class BookComponent {
  protected readonly books = inject(BooksCollection);
}

If you want to use it in a store:

export class BookStore extends ComponentStore<BookStoreState> {
  public readonly coll = inject(BooksCollection);
}

Statuses

You can set statuses for the items. Statuses can be unique per collection (for example: 'focused') or not (for example: 'selected'). Statuses are not predefined; you can use your list of statuses. The service only needs to know if a given status is unique or not unique.

Items comparison

The equality of items will be checked using the comparator, which you can replace using the setComparator() method.

The comparator will first compare items using ===, then it will use id fields.

You can check the default id fields list of the default comparator in the comparator.ts file.

You can easily configure it using constructor(), setOptions(), or by re-instantiating a Comparator, or by providing your own Comparator - it can be a class, implementing ObjectsComparator interface, or a function, implementing ObjectsComparatorFn.

export class NotificationsCollection extends Collection<Notification> {
  constructor() {
    super({ comparatorFields: ['id'] });
  }

  override init() {
    // or
    this.setOptions({ comparatorFields: ['uuId', 'url'] });

    // or:
    this.setComparator(new Comparator(['signature']));

    // or:
    this.setComparator((a, b) => a.id === b.id);
  }
}

Comparator fields

In the default comparator, each item in the list of fields can be:

1. string - if both objects have this field, and values are equal, the objects are considered equal.
   If both objects have this field, but the values are not equal, the objects are not equal and the comparison stops.
2. string[] - composite field: If both objects have every field listed, and every value is equal, the objects are considered equal.

Every field in the list will be treated as path, if it has a dot in it - this way you can compare nested fields.

Duplicates prevention

The Collection Service will not allow duplicates in the collection.

Items will be checked before adding to the collection in the create(), read(), update(), and refresh() methods.

To find a duplicate, items will be compared by using the comparator. Object equality check is a vital part of this service, and duplicates will break this functionality.

A collection might have duplicates due to some data error or because of incorrect fields in the comparator. You can redefine them to fix this issue.

If a duplicate is detected, the item will not be added to the collection, and an error will be sent to the errReporter (if errReporter is set).
You can call setThrowOnDuplicates('some message') to make the Collection Service throw an exception with the message you expect.

The read() method, by default, will put returned items to the collection even if they have duplicates, but the errReporter will be called (if errReporter is set) because in this case, you have a chance to damage your data in future update() operations.
You can call setAllowFetchedDuplicates(false) to instruct read() not to accept items lists with duplicates.

Request parameters

request

In every params object, request is an observable or a signal that you are using to send the request to the API.
Only the first emitted value will be used.
If the request is a signal, the signal will be read once at the moment of request execution.
The same rule applies to arrays of observables and signals, as some methods accept them too.

  return this.exampleCollection.update({
    request: this.exampleService.saveExample(data),
    item: exampleItem,
    onSuccess: () => this.messageService.success('Saved'),
    onError: () => this.messageService.error('Error'),
  });

item

The item parameter is the item that you are mutating.
You receive this item from the items field of the collection state.

  remove = createEffect<Example>(_ => _.pipe(
    exhaustMap((example) => {
      return this.examplesCollection.delete({
        request: example.uuId ? this.exampleService.removeExample(example.uuId) : signal(null),
        item: example,
        onSuccess: () => this.messageService.success('Removed'),
        onError: () => this.messageService.error('Error'),
      });
    })
  ));

You can send just a part of the item object, but this part should contain at least one of the comparator's fields (id fields).
See "Items comparison" for details.

  remove = createEffect<string>(_ => _.pipe(
    exhaustMap((uuId) => {
      return this.examplesCollection.delete({
        request: uuId ? this.exampleService.removeExample(uuId) : signal(null),
        item: {uuId: uuId},
        onSuccess: () => this.messageService.success('Removed'),
        onError: () => this.messageService.error('Error'),
      });
    })
  ));

Interface FetchedItems<T>

The read() method additionally supports a specific type from the request execution result, not just a list of items but a wrapper containing a list of items: FetchedItems type.

You can (optionally) use this or a similar structure to don't lose meta information, such as the total count of items (usually needed for pagination).

Helpers

createEffect()

Copy of ComponentStore.effect() method from NgRx, where takeUntil(this.destroy$) is replaced with takeUntilDestroyed(destroyRef), to use it as a function.

createEffect() is not a method of Collection class, it's a standalone function.

You can find documentation and usage examples here: https://ngrx.io/guide/component-store/effect#effect-method

hasItemIn()

Checks if some item belongs to some array of items - a comparator of this collection will be used.

Parameters

• item
• array

Example of usage:

<mat-chip-option
    *ngFor="let role of $allRoles()" 
    [value]="role"
    [selected]="coll.hasItemIn(role, $roles())"
    [selectable]="false"
>
  <span>{{role.name}}</span>
</mat-chip-option>

postInit()

For your convenience, there is a protected init() method that you can override if you want some special initialization logic, so you don't have to deal with overriding the constructor() method.
Original method is guaranteed to be empty, so you don't have to call super.init().
Will be called from the constructor().

asyncInit()

Another method you can safely override.
Original method is guaranteed to be empty, so you don't have to call super.asyncInit().
Will be called in the next microtask from the constructor (init() will be called first and in the current microtask).