tus-js-client

A pure JavaScript client for the tus resumable upload protocol which works in browser environments, Node.js, React Native and Apache Cordova.

Example

input.addEventListener("change", function(e) {
    // Get the selected file from the input element
    var file = e.target.files[0]

    // Create a new tus upload
    var upload = new tus.Upload(file, {
        endpoint: "http://localhost:1080/files/",
        retryDelays: [0, 3000, 5000, 10000, 20000],
        metadata: {
            filename: file.name,
            filetype: file.type
        },
        onError: function(error) {
            console.log("Failed because: " + error)
        },
        onProgress: function(bytesUploaded, bytesTotal) {
            var percentage = (bytesUploaded / bytesTotal * 100).toFixed(2)
            console.log(bytesUploaded, bytesTotal, percentage + "%")
        },
        onSuccess: function() {
            console.log("Download %s from %s", upload.file.name, upload.url)
        }
    })

    // Start the upload
    upload.start()
})

Installation

The sources are compiled into a UMD (dist/tus.js) which can be loaded using different approaches:

• Embed using a script tag: <script src="dist/tus.js"></script> and access the tus methods using the tus property in window
• Install from NPM: npm install tus-js-client: var tus = require("tus-js-client")
• Define using AMD: define("alpha", ["dist/tus.js"], function(tus) {})

Basic Usage

1. Create a new tus.Upload instance by passing the file to be uploaded alongside additional options to its constructor.
2. Start the upload using the Upload#start function. This will create the upload resource if necessary and then transfer the file to the remote endpoint.
3. Optionally pause the upload if the user/application wishes to do so using Upload#abort. This will cause any currently running transfers to be immediately stopped.
4. Optionally resume the previously paused upload by called Upload#start again. This will resume the upload at the point at which it had stopped before. You can also use this approach to continue the upload after an error has occurred.

Please consult the documentation below for more details.

Browser support

tus-js-client is tested and known to support following browsers:

• Internet Explorer 10+
• Microsoft Edge 12+
• Mozilla Firefox 14+
• Google Chrome 20+
• Safari 6+
• Opera 12.1+
• iOS 6.0+
• Android 5.0+

Support in other browsers is very likely but has not been confirimed yet. Since we only use Web Storage, XMLHttpRequest2, the File API and Blob API, more than 95% of today's users should be able to use tus-js-client.

Compatability between browsers is continuously ensured by automated tests in the corresponding browsers on BrowserStack, who provide their great service glady for Open Source project for free.

Node.js support

Since Node's environment is quite different than a browser's runtime and provides other capabilities but also restrictions, tus-js-client will have a slightly changed behavior when used in the context of a Node.js application:

• As the Web Storage API is only available in browser environments, tus-js-client will not be able store the URLs of created uploads allowing automatic resuming. Please consult the documentation for the tus.canStoreURLs for more information on this specific topic.

• The tus.Upload constructor will only accept instances of buffer.Buffer and stream.Readable as file inputs. If you are passing a readable stream as this argument, you must set the chunkSize option to a finite integer value because the chunk, which is currently being uploaded, will be held in memory allowing automatic retries, e.g. after connection interruptions. Therefore additional care should be taken when choosing the appropriate value for your specific application to control memory consumption.

• If you call the tus.Upload constructor with an instance of the fs.ReadStream, the above point does not apply, meaning no chunk will be held in memory. Instead, tus-js-client will create it's own stream starting at the needed position using fs.createReadStream. If you want to disable this functionality, you may want to wrap the fs.ReadStream into a stream.PassThrough.

Finally, you may be interested in the demos/nodejs/index.js example which demonstrates a simple example on how to easily use tus-js-client using Node.js.

React Native support

tus-js-client can be used in React Native applications with nearly all of its functionality. Since there is no browser-like File object types in React Native, files are represented by objects with an uri property (i.e. { uri: 'file:///...', ... }). tus-js-client accepts these objects and automatically resolves the file URI and uploads the fetched file. This allows you to directly pass the results from a file/image picker to tus-js-client. A full example of this can be found in our React Native demo.

The only unavailable feature is upload URL storage (for resuming them in later sessions) because React Native does not implement the Web Storage API. You can test this programmatically using the tus.canStoreURLs property which will always be set to false in React Native environments. In the end, this means that the fingerprint, resume and removeFingerprintOnSuccess options to not have any influence on the behavior because their values are ignored when using React Native.

Internals

Once a new file should be uploaded the client will create a new upload resource on the server using a POST request. A successful response will contain a Location header pointing to the upload URL. This URL will be used to transfer the file to the server using one or multiple PATCH requests. In addition tus-js-client will generate a unique fingerprint for every file and store it and the upload URL using the Web Storage API. If the upload is interrupted or aborted manually, the client is able to resume the upload by retrieving the upload URL using the fingerprint. The client is even able to resume after you close your browser or shut down your device. Now the client can continue to send PATCH requests to the server until the upload is finished.

Extension support

The tus specification defines multiple extensions which can be optionally implemented beside the core protocol enabling specific functionality. Not all of these extensions are interesting or even useful for a client-side library and therefore support for all of them in tus-js-client is not guaranteed.

• The Creation extension is mostly implemented and is used for creating the upload. Deferring the upload's length is not possible at the moment.

• The Checksum extension requires that the checksum is calculated inside the browser. While this is totally doable today, it's particularly expensive and time intensive for bigger files and on mobile devices. One solution is to utilize the new Web Crypto API, which probably offers better performance and security, but you could argue whether it has reached critical mass yet.

• The Concatenation extension is mostly meant for parallel uploads where you need to utilize multiple HTTP connections. In most cases, this does not apply to the environment of the browser but it can also be used for different things.

At the moment, coverage for these extensions is not great but we promise to improve this situation in the near future.

Documentation

tus.isSupported

A boolean indicating whether the current browser has the features necessary to use tus-js-client. This can be used to test support and warn the user.

tus.canStoreURLs

A boolean indicating whether the current environment allows storing URLs enabling the corresponding upload to be resumed if the same file (identified using fingerprinting) is passed to the constructor again. Since this storage mechanism is currently bound to the Web Storage API, this value will only yield to true if we are in a browser environment which provides access to the localStorage object. Please be aware that in some cases, e.g. a sandboxed iframe, the Web Storage API is provided but cannot be used without causing security errors. In these special situations or if no Web Storage API is available, canStoreURLs is set to false.

tus.defaultOptions

A object containing the default options used when creating a new upload:

• endpoint = null: a URL which will be used to create new uploads
• fingerprint: a function used to generate a unique string from a corresponding File object. This used to store the URL for an upload to resume. This option is only used if the resume flag is set to true.
• resume = true: a boolean indicating whether the client should attempt to resume the upload if the upload has been started in the past. This includes storing the file's fingerprint. Use false to force an entire reupload.
• onProgress = null: a function that will be called each time progress information is available. The arguments will be bytesSent and bytesTotal.
• onChunkComplete = null: a function that will be called each time a chunk has been successfully uploaded. The arguments will be chunkSize, bytesAccepted, bytesTotal.
• onSuccess = null: a function called when the upload finished successfully.
• onError = null: a function called once an error appears. The arguments will be an Error instance.
• headers = {}: an object with custom header values used in all requests.
• withCredentials = false: a boolean which is be used as the value for withCredentials in all XMLHttpRequests to use Cookies in requests. The remote server must accept CORS and credentials.
• chunkSize = Infinity: a number indicating the maximum size of a chunk in bytes which will be uploaded in a single request. This can be used when a server or proxy has a limit on how big request bodies may be. Note that if the server has hard limits (such as the minimum 5MB chunk size imposed by S3), specifying a chunk size which falls outside those hard limits will cause chunked uploads to fail.
• metadata = {}: an object with string values used as additional meta data which will be passed along to the server when (and only when) creating a new upload. Can be used for filenames, file types etc.
• uploadUrl = null: a URL which will be used to directly attempt a resume without generating the fingerprint and looking it up before. If this attempt fails it will fall back to creating a new upload using the URL specified in endpoint. This will also force an attempt even if resuming has been disabled by setting resume to false.
• uploadSize = null: an integer representing the size of the file in bytes. This will only be used if the size cannot be automatically calculated. This is currently only used and required if you supply a Readable stream as the file to upload. You may also use this to limit the position until which a file will be uploaded.
• overridePatchMethod = false: a boolean indicating whether the POST method should be used instead of PATCH for transfering the chunks. This may be necessary if a browser or the server does not support latter one. In this case, a POST request will be made with the X-HTTP-Method-Override: PATCH header. The server must be able to detect it, and then handle the request as if PATCH would have been the method.
• retryDelays = null: an array or null, indicating how many milliseconds should pass before the next attempt to uploading will be started after the transfer has been interrupted. The array's length indicates the maximum number of attempts. For more details about the system of retries and delays, read the Automated Retries section.
• removeFingerprintOnSuccess = false: a boolean indicating if the fingerprint in the storage will be removed when the upload is successfully completed. This value is false for not breaking the previous API contract, but we strongly suggest to set it to true to avoid cluttering the storage space. The effect is that if the same file is uploaded again, it will create an entirely new upload. Furthermore, this option will only change behaviour if resume is set to true.
• uploadLengthDeferred = false: a boolean indicating whether a stream of data is going to be uploaded as a Reader. If so, the total size isn't available when we begin uploading, so we use the Tus Upload-Defer-Length header. Once the reader is finished, the total file size is sent to the tus server in order to complete the upload. It is recommended to set resume to false when using this option. Furthermore, chunkSize must be set to a finite number.
• uploadDataDuringCreation = false: a boolean indicating whether the creation-with-upload extension should be used. If true, the file's content will already be transferred in the POST request when a new upload is created. This can improve upload speed as no additional PATCH request is needed. Please be aware that your tus server must support the creation-with-upload extension or otherwise errors will occurr (Note that this option is still experimental and may change in future minor release, so please use it only with caution).

new tus.Upload(file, options)

Create a new tus.Upload object. The upload will not be started automatically, use start to do so.

Depending on the platform, the file argument must be an instance of the following types:

• inside browser: File, Blob, or Reader
• inside Node.js: Buffer or Readable stream
• inside Cordova: File object from a FileEntry (see demo)

The options argument will be merged deeply with tus.defaultOptions.

tus.Upload#options

The options argument used in the constructor merged deeply with tus.defaultOptions.

tus.Upload#file

The file argument used in the constructor.

tus.Upload#url

The URL used to upload the file. Leave it set to null and the client will create a new upload and set this property to the new upload URL. You may supply your own URL using this property and the client will try to resume using this URL.

tus.Upload#start()

Start or resume the upload using the specified file. If no file property is available the error handler will be called. If you supplied your own URL using the uploadUrl option the client will try to resume using this URL. If not, the client will look up if the file has been (fully or partially) uploaded and tries to resume. If no upload can be resume it will create a new upload using the supplied endpoint option.

tus.Upload#abort(shouldTerminate, callback)

Abort the currently running upload request and don't continue. You can resume the upload by calling the start method again.

The shouldTerminate argument is a boolean value that determines whether or not the upload should be terminated according to the termination extension.

The callback argument is a function that would be called after the abort function is complete. If an error occurs during the abort process, this error will be passed as argument to the callback.

tus.Upload.terminate(url, [options], callback)

Terminate an upload based on the termination extension.

The url argument is the URL for the upload which you want to terminate. The options argument is an object with the tus.defaultOptions schema, which can be passed to specify certain request related options (e.g headers). The callback argument is a function that would be called after the terminate function is complete. If an error occurs during the terminate process, this error will be passed as argument to the callback.

Difference between onProgress and onChunkComplete

When configuring a new uploader, the onProgress and onChunkComplete callbacks are available. While they may seem to be equal based on their naming and the arguments, they provide different information in reality. Progress events are emitted using the onProgress option and provide numbers about how much data has been sent to the server. However, this data may not have been received or accepted by the endpoint. Imagine a network outage where the browser reports to have successfully sent 100 bytes, but none of them ever reach the backend. In order to provide reliable information about whether the chunks have been accepted by the server, onChunkComplete is only invoked if we have evidence that the remote endpoint has received and accepted the uploaded bytes. When consuming this functionality, the chunkSize option is from high importance since the callback will and invoked if an entire chunk has been uploaded.

Automated Retries

Due to tus' support for resumability, tus-js-client has been engineered to work even under bad networking conditions and provides options for controlling how it should act in different circumstances. One of these settings is retryDelays which defines whether and how often tus-js-client will attempt a retry after the upload has been unintentionally interrupted. The value may either be null, to fully disable the described functionality, or an array of numbers. It's length will define how often retries will be attempted before giving up and the array's values indicate the delay between the upload interruption and the start of the next attempt in milliseconds. For example, a configuration of [0, 1000, 3000, 5000] will result in, at most, five attempts to resume the upload, including the initial one from calling tus.Upload#start. The first retry will occur instantly after the interruption, while the second attempt is going to be started after waiting for one second, the third after three seconds, and so on. If the fifth and final attempt also fails, the latest error will not be caught, but passed to the provided onError callback. The underlying implementation is rather straightforward: Any error which would usually trigger the onError callback will be caught if following criteria are matched:

• the error has been caused by networking issues, e.g. connection interruption or an unexpected/invalid response from the server, and
• the environment does not explicitly report that the client is disconnected from any network, e.g. navigator.onLine in modern browsers, and
• the maximum number of retries, defined by the array's length, has not been reached.

If all of these conditions are met, an attempt will be issued after applying the defined delay. Furthermore, once the client was able to successfully transfer chunks of the upload to the server, the counter for attempted retries will be reset to zero. For example, if an upload is interrupted the first delay will be applied. After reconnecting to the remote endpoint, it is able to transfer data to it until the connection is cut again. This time not the second delay will be used but the first one again because we were able to upload chunks. The reason for this behavior is that it will allow uploads to be interrupted more often than the retryDelays option defines, as long as we are making progress in uploading.

Building

# Install dependencies
npm install

# Build dist/tus.js a single time
npm run build

# Build all dist files (including minification)
npm run dist

# Watch source and rebuild
npm run watch

Testing

Tests are implemented using Jasmine and can be found in the test/ directory. In order to run the tests, open test/SpecRunner.html in a browser and you should see a visual representation of the test results. No web server is required, you can open SpecRunner.html using the file:/// protocol.

Tests can also be run on SauceLabs' cloud infrastructure using npm test. Before using this command, you have to set up your SauceLabs account by filling the SAUCE_USERNAME and SAUCE_ACCESS_KEY variables else the command will fail.

FAQ

How can I access the upload's ID?

tus-js-client identifies and accesses uploads by their URL and not their ID. Therefore, there is no direct functionality for getting the upload ID. However, with most tus server you are able to extract the upload ID from the the upload URL. The upload URL can be accessed using the Upload#url property after an upload has been started. For example, the tusd server and tus-node-server have URLs such as https://master.tus.io/files/accbccf63e9afedef9fbc1e6082835dc where the last segment is the upload URL.

License

MIT