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js-regexp-interpreter

v1.0.2

Published

一个极其简陋的正则表达式解析器(interpreter),用于学习之目的,代码当中有每一部分的详细说明。

Downloads

4

Readme

JS Regexp Interpreter

一个极其简陋的正则表达式解析器(interpreter),用于学习之目的,代码当中有每一部分的详细说明。

语法参照 JavaScript 版本的 Regex。 https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions

不支持:

  • 元字符 .\0[\b]
  • 字符集里的表示 "非" 的元字符 \S\W\D,比如 [\Wabc][^\Wabc]
  • 对分组命名,比如 (?<name>...)\k<name>
  • 对分组设置为不捕获,比如 (?:...)
  • 反向引用,比如 \1
  • 所有断言 ^$\b\B(?=...)(?!...)(?<=...)(?<!...)
  • 暂不支持 \xhh\uhhhh 这两种字符表示法。

支持:

  • 单个字符,比如 a
  • Unicode 字符,比如 \u{hhhh}\u{hhhhhh}
  • 字符集,比如 [abc][a-z][0-9a-f]
  • 元字符,比如 \w\d
  • 重复,比如 a+a?a*a{2}a{2,}a{2,3}[abc]+[0-9]*
  • 非贪婪模式的重复,比如 a+?a??
  • "连接",比如 aba+b0x[0-9a-f]+
  • "或",比如 a|b[0-9]+|0x[0-9a-f]+
  • 分组,比如 (a)(a)(x)

命令行测试

在当前项目源码的首层文件夹里可以执行下面命令解析器的各个阶段的功能。

符号化正则表达式字符串

将正则表达式字符串符号化:

$ npm run token "0|(u[a-f\d]+)"

输出结果:

[
    {
        "type": "CharToken",
        "value": "0"
    },
    {
        "type": "EntityToken",
        "value": "|"
    },
    {
        "type": "EntityToken",
        "value": "("
    },
    {
        "type": "CharToken",
        "value": "u"
    },
    {
        "type": "CharSetToken",
        "tokens": [
            {
                "type": "CharToken",
                "value": "a"
            },
            {
                "type": "EntityToken",
                "value": "-"
            },
            {
                "type": "CharToken",
                "value": "f"
            },
            {
                "type": "MetaToken",
                "value": "d"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "type": "QuantityToken",
        "kind": "+",
        "greedy": true
    },
    {
        "type": "EntityToken",
        "value": ")"
    }
]

生成语法树

生成正则表达式对应的语法树:

$ npm run tree "0|(u[a-f\d]+)"

结果:

{
    "type": "DisjunctionExp",
    "exps": [
        {
            "type": "SimpleChar",
            "value": "0",
            "codePoint": 48
        },
        {
            "type": "GroupExp",
            "exp": {
                "type": "AlternativeExp",
                "exps": [
                    {
                        "type": "SimpleChar",
                        "value": "u",
                        "codePoint": 117
                    },
                    {
                        "type": "RepetitionExp",
                        "exp": {
                            "type": "CharSet",
                            "chars": [
                                {
                                    "type": "CharRange",
                                    "charStart": {
                                        "type": "SimpleChar",
                                        "value": "a",
                                        "codePoint": 97
                                    },
                                    "charEnd": {
                                        "type": "SimpleChar",
                                        "value": "f",
                                        "codePoint": 102
                                    }
                                },
                                {
                                    "type": "MetaChar",
                                    "meta": "d"
                                }
                            ],
                            "negative": false
                        },
                        "quantifier": {
                            "type": "OneOrMoreQuantifier",
                            "greedy": true
                        }
                    }
                ]
            },
            "capturing": true
        }
    ]
}

生成有限自动机的状态

生成正则表达式对应的 有限自动机 的状态以及 NFA 结构:

$ npm run table "0|(u[a-f\d])+"

结果:

====================
   0:  "0" -> 1
   1:  ε -> 9
   2:  "u" -> 3
   3:  ε -> 4
   4:  "[a-f0-9]" -> 5
   5:  ε -> 4, ε -> 7
   6:  ε -> 2
   7:  ε -> 9
   8:  ε -> 0, ε -> 6
  9*:  []
--------------------
in state: 8
out state: 9

测试字符串

使用 目标字符串 测试 正则表达式

  • $ npm run match "0|(u[a-f\d]+)" "0" 结果: true

  • $ npm run match "0|(u[a-f\d]+)" "u0ac3" 结果: true

  • $ npm run match "0|(u[a-f\d]+)" "21" 结果: false

  • $ npm run match "0|(u[a-f\d]+)" "ok" 结果: false

单元测试

$ npm test

项目无依赖,如无意外应该能看到 All passed. 字样。

单步调试/跟踪

有时跟踪程序的运行过程,能帮助对程序的理解,启动单步调试的方法是:

在 vscode 里打开该项目,然后在单元测试文件里设置断点,再执行 Run and Debug 即可。

将本项目作为你的项目的库

使用下面命令可以将本项目作为依赖项添加到你的项目(你的项目也需要是一个 npm 项目):

$ npm i js-regexp-interpreter

添加之后可以在你的项目源码的首层文件夹里执行下面命令测试正则表达式:

$ npm exec js-regexp-match "a*" "aaa"

API

本项目(包、package)提供了 3 个常用的方法:

  • test(expStr, testStr) 检查 正则表达式 是否和 目标字符串 匹配。

  • compile(expStr) 编译 正则表达式NFA 的状态对象。

  • matchString(state, testStr) 检查状态对象是否和 目标字符串 匹配。

示例:

import { Matcher } from 'js-regexp-interpreter';

let result = Matcher.test('a*b', 'aaaab'); // true

编译过程比较耗时,如果需要使用同一个正则表达式多次匹配目标字符串,可以先把正则表达式编译成状态对象,然后保存起来。再重复使用这个状态对象跟目标字符串去匹配。

示例:

import { Matcher } from 'js-regexp-interpreter';

// 编译
let {inState} = Matcher.compile('a*b');

// 匹配
let result = Matcher.matchString(inState, 'aaaab'); // true

字符串搜索算法系列项目

  • JS Rabin-Karp Matcher https://github.com/hemashushu/js-rabin-karp-matcher

  • JS Boyer-Moore-Horspool Matcher https://github.com/hemashushu/js-boyer-moore-horspool-matcher

  • JS KMP Matcher https://github.com/hemashushu/js-kmp-matcher

  • JS Aho-Corasick Matcher https://github.com/hemashushu/js-aho-corasick-matcher

  • JS Regexp Interpreter https://github.com/hemashushu/js-regexp-interpreter