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easy-v-auth

v1.0.0

Published

Vue自定义指令v-auth

Downloads

25

Readme

Easy v-auth

Vue 3 自定义指令 v-auth,实现按钮级权限控制。

特点:在异步获取用户权限信息后,响应式更新控制结果。

背景

假如我们将用户权限信息存在状态管理(如 Pinia)中,当用户刷新页面时,就需要重新请求用户信息。 这是一个异步操作,在获得用户信息之前,自定义指令中的 mounted 钩子就已经执行了。 因此,v-auth 需要响应式的更新控制结果:在用户权限信息变化后,再次校验权限。

多数 v-auth 的实现方案不具备上述能力,故笔者制作本工具。

使用

一个常见的权限控制模型叫角色-权限模型,即一个用户有若干个角色 role,一个角色有若干权限 permission。 也可以根据项目需要,只使用角色或权限。

注册指令

安装该包后,在 main.ts 中注册指令,并传入用户权限信息。 下面例子展示将用户信息存在 Pinia 的情况。 但不管用户信息存在哪里,都可以通过 getRolesgetPermissions函数的形式传入用户的角色组和权限组。

// main.ts
import { createApp } from 'vue';
import App from './App.vue';

import { createPinia } from 'pinia';
import { useStore } from './state';

import { createAuth } from 'easy-v-auth';

// 挂载 Pinia
const pinia = createPinia();
const app = createApp(App).use(pinia);

// 注意:使用 Pinia 之前,需要先挂载 Pinia,因此这段代码需要放在 .use(pinia) 之后
const store = useStore();

// 假设用户权限存在 Pinia 中,这里就传入 store
const auth = createAuth({
  getRoles: () => store.user?.role, // 角色信息
  getPermissions: () => store.user?.permission, // 权限信息
  defaultArg: 'permission', // 默认的指令参数,可选 'role' | 'permission',默认 'role'
});

// 注册 v-auth 指令
app.use(auth).mount('#app');

如例子所示,createAuth 函数的参数接受 3 个属性:

  • getRoles:告诉包如何获取用户的角色。传入一个函数,返回数组字符串
  • getPermissions:告诉包如何获取用户的权限,同上;
  • defaultArg:指令默认的参数。你可以用 v-auth:rolev-auth:permission 来分别控制角色权限。但是如果你的项目只用了权限来控制用户行为,没有用角色,那么你可以设置 defaultArg: permission,那样你就可以直接用 v-auth,而无需用 v-auth:permission

使用指令

该指令可接受参数 rolepermission,即你可以用 v-auth:rolev-auth:permission 来分别控制角色和权限。

默认情况下,用户只要满足权限要求中的一项就算验证通过。例如具有权限 user::read 的用户,可以通过 v-auth:permission="['user::read', 'user::write']"。 但有时候,我们希望用户需要通过所有权限要求才能验证通过。 也就是用户需要同时拥有 user::readuser::write 才能通过。 这时可以通过修饰符 .and 来告诉 v-authv-auth:permission.and="['user::read', 'user::write']"

<template>
  <h1>测试</h1>
  <button v-auth="['staff', 'user']">员工、用户可用</button>
  <button v-auth:role="'admin'">管理员可用</button>
  <button v-auth:permission="['user::read']">有读权限</button>
  <button v-auth:permission.and="['user::read', 'user::write']">有读、写权限</button>
  <button v-auth:permission="['user::delete']">有删权限</button>
  <button v-auth:permission.and="['user::read', 'user::write', 'user::delete']">有读、写、删权限</button>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts">
import { onMounted } from 'vue';
import { useStore } from './state';
const store = useStore();

onMounted(() => {
  // 模拟异步获取用户权限信息
  setTimeout(() => {
    store.user = {
      role: 'staff',
      permission: ['user::read', 'user::write'],
    };
  }, 1000);
});
</script>

在上面的例子中,在获得用户权限之前,所有按钮都不可见;在获得之后,【员工、用户可用】、【有读权限】和【有读、写权限】显示,其他按钮被移除。