Framebus

Framebus allows you to easily send messages across frames (and iframes) with a simple bus.

In one frame:

var Framebus = require("framebus");
var bus = new Framebus();

bus.emit("message", {
  from: "Ron",
  contents: "they named it...San Diago",
});

In another frame:

var Framebus = require("framebus");
var bus = new Framebus();

bus.on("message", function (data) {
  console.log(data.from + " said: " + data.contents);
});

The Framebus class takes a configuration object, where all the params are optional.

type FramebusOptions = {
  origin?: string, // default: "*"
  channel?: string, // no default
  verifyDomain?: (url: string) => boolean, // no default
  targetFrames?: <HTMLFrameElement | Window>[], // by default, all frames available to broadcast to
};

The origin sets the framebus instance to only operate on the chosen origin.

The channel namespaces the events called with on and emit so you can have multiple bus instances on the page and have them only communicate with busses with the same channel value.

If a verifyDomain function is passed, then the on listener will only fire if the domain of the origin of the post message matches the location.href value of page or the function passed for verifyDomain returns true.

var bus = new Framebus({
  verifyDomain: function (url) {
    // only return true if the domain of the url matches exactly
    url.indexOf("https://my-domain") === 0;
  },
});

If a targetFrames array is passed, then framebus will only send messages to those frames and listen for messages from those frames. You can pass a reference to a Window (the return value of window.open) or an HTMLFrameElement (a DOM node representing an iframe).

var myIframe = document.getElementById("my-iframe");

var bus = new Framebus({
  targetFrames: [myIframe],
});

To add additional frames to the targetFrames array in the future, use the addTargetFrame method. targetFrames must be set, even if it's an empty array, for this method to work.

var myIframe = document.getElementById("my-iframe");

var bus = new Framebus({
  targetFrames: [],
});

bus.addTargetFrame(myIframe);

API

target(options: FramebusOptions): framebus

returns: a chainable instance of framebus that operates on the chosen origin.

This method is used in conjuction with emit, on, and off to restrict their results to the given origin. By default, an origin of '*' is used.

framebus
  .target({
    origin: "https://example.com",
  })
  .on("my cool event", function () {});
// will ignore all incoming 'my cool event' NOT from 'https://example.com'

| Argument | Type | Description | | --------- | --------------- | ---------------------------------- | | options | FramebusOptions | See above section for more details |

emit('event', data?, callback?): boolean

returns: true if the event was successfully published, false otherwise

| Argument | Type | Description | | ---------------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------- | | event | String | The name of the event | | data | Object | The data to give to subscribers | | callback(data) | Function | Give subscribers a function for easy, direct replies |

emitAsPromise('event', data?): Promise

returns: A promise that resolves when the emitted event is responded to the first time. It will reject if the event could not be succesfully published.

| Argument | Type | Description | | -------- | ------ | ------------------------------- | | event | String | The name of the event | | data | Object | The data to give to subscribers |

Using this method assumes the browser context you are using supports Promises. If it does not, set a polyfill for the Framebus class with setPromise

// or however you want to polyfill the promise
const PolyfilledPromise = require("promise-polyfill");

Framebus.setPromise(PolyfilledPromise);

on('event', fn): boolean

returns: true if the subscriber was successfully added, false otherwise

Unless already bound to a scope, the listener will be executed with this set to the MessageEvent received over postMessage.

| Argument | Type | Description | | ---------------------- | -------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- | | event | String | The name of the event | | fn(data?, callback?) | Function | Event handler. Arguments are from the emit invocation | | ↳ this | scope | The MessageEvent object from the underlying postMessage |

off('event', fn): boolean

returns: true if the subscriber was successfully removed, false otherwise

| Argument | Type | Description | | -------- | -------- | -------------------------------- | | event | String | The name of the event | | fn | Function | The function that was subscribed |

include(popup): boolean

returns: true if the popup was successfully included, false otherwise

var popup = window.open("https://example.com");

framebus.include(popup);
framebus.emit("hello popup and friends!");

| Argument | Type | Description | | -------- | ------ | -------------------------------------------- | | popup | Window | The popup refrence returned by window.open |

addTargetFrame(frame): boolean

Used in conjunction with targetFrames configuration. If a targetFrames array is not passed on instantiation, this method will noop.

var frame = document.getElementById("my-iframe");

framebus.addTargetFrame(frame);
framebus.emit("hello targetted iframe!");

| Argument | Type | Description | | -------- | --------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | | frame | Window or HTMLIFrameElement | The iframe or popup to add to targetFrames |

teardown(): void

Calls off on all listeners used for this bus instance and makes subsequent calls to all methods noop.

bus.on("event-name", handler);

// event-name listener is torn down
bus.teardown();

// these now do nothing
bus.on("event-name", handler);
bus.emit("event-name", data);
bus.off("event-name", handler);

Pitfalls

These are some things to keep in mind while using framebus to handle your event delegation

Cross-site scripting (XSS)

framebus allows convenient event delegation across iframe borders. By default it will broadcast events to all iframes on the page, regardless of origin. Use the optional target() method when you know the exact domain of the iframes you are communicating with. This will protect your event data from malicious domains.

Data is serialized as JSON

framebus operates over postMessage using JSON.parse and JSON.stringify to facilitate message data passing. Keep in mind that not all JavaScript objects serialize cleanly into and out of JSON, such as undefined.

Asynchronicity

Even when the subscriber and publisher are within the same frame, events go through postMessage. Keep in mind that postMessage is an asynchronous protocol and that publication and subscription handling occur on separate iterations of the event loop (MDN).

Published callback functions are an abstraction

When you specify a callback while using emit, the function is not actually given to the subscriber. The subscriber receives a one-time-use function that is generated locally by the subscriber's framebus. This one-time-use callback function is pre-configured to publish an event back to the event origin's domain using a UUID as the event name. The events occur as follows:

1. http://emitter.example.com publishes an event with a function as the event data

   var callback = function (data) {
     console.log("Got back %s as a reply!", data);
   };
   
   framebus.emit("Marco!", callback, "http://listener.example.com");

2. The framebus on http://emitter.example.com generates a UUID as an event name and adds the callback as a subscriber to this event.

3. The framebus on http://listener.example.com sees that a special callback event is in the event payload. A one-time-use function is created locally and given to subscribers of 'Marco!' as the event data.

4. The subscriber on http://listener.example.com uses the local one-time-use callback function to send data back to the emitter's origin

   framebus
     .target("http://emitter.example.com")
     .on("Marco!", function (callback) {
       callback("Polo!");
     });

5. The one-time-use function on http://listener.example.com publishes an event as the UUID generated in step 2 to the origin that emitted the event.

6. Back on http://emitter.example.com, the callback is called and unsubscribed from the special UUID event afterward.

Development and contributing

See CONTRIBUTING.md