@yqg/http-proxy-middleware
v2.1.6
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The one-liner node.js proxy middleware for connect, express and browser-sync
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http-proxy-middleware
Node.js proxying made simple. Configure proxy middleware with ease for connect, express, browser-sync and many more.
Powered by the popular Nodejitsu http-proxy
.
⚠️ Note
This page is showing documentation for version v1.x.x (release notes)
If you're looking for v0.x documentation. Go to: https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/tree/v0.21.0#readme
TL;DR
Proxy /api
requests to http://www.example.org
// javascript
const express = require('express');
const { createProxyMiddleware } = require('http-proxy-middleware');
const app = express();
app.use('/api', createProxyMiddleware({ target: 'http://www.example.org', changeOrigin: true }));
app.listen(3000);
// http://localhost:3000/api/foo/bar -> http://www.example.org/api/foo/bar
// typescript
import * as express from 'express';
import { createProxyMiddleware, Filter, Options, RequestHandler } from 'http-proxy-middleware';
const app = express();
app.use('/api', createProxyMiddleware({ target: 'http://www.example.org', changeOrigin: true }));
app.listen(3000);
// http://localhost:3000/api/foo/bar -> http://www.example.org/api/foo/bar
All http-proxy
options can be used, along with some extra http-proxy-middleware
options.
:bulb: Tip: Set the option changeOrigin
to true
for name-based virtual hosted sites.
Table of Contents
- Install
- Core concept
- Example
- Context matching
- Options
- Shorthand
- WebSocket
- Intercept and manipulate requests
- Intercept and manipulate responses
- Working examples
- Recipes
- Compatible servers
- Tests
- Changelog
- License
Install
$ npm install --save-dev http-proxy-middleware
Core concept
Proxy middleware configuration.
createProxyMiddleware([context,] config)
const { createProxyMiddleware } = require('http-proxy-middleware');
const apiProxy = createProxyMiddleware('/api', { target: 'http://www.example.org' });
// \____/ \_____________________________/
// | |
// context options
// 'apiProxy' is now ready to be used as middleware in a server.
- context: Determine which requests should be proxied to the target host. (more on context matching)
- options.target: target host to proxy to. (protocol + host)
(full list of http-proxy-middleware
configuration options)
createProxyMiddleware(uri [, config])
// shorthand syntax for the example above:
const apiProxy = createProxyMiddleware('http://www.example.org/api');
More about the shorthand configuration.
Example
An example with express
server.
// include dependencies
const express = require('express');
const { createProxyMiddleware } = require('http-proxy-middleware');
// proxy middleware options
const options = {
target: 'http://www.example.org', // target host
changeOrigin: true, // needed for virtual hosted sites
ws: true, // proxy websockets
pathRewrite: {
'^/api/old-path': '/api/new-path', // rewrite path
'^/api/remove/path': '/path', // remove base path
},
router: {
// when request.headers.host == 'dev.localhost:3000',
// override target 'http://www.example.org' to 'http://localhost:8000'
'dev.localhost:3000': 'http://localhost:8000',
},
};
// create the proxy (without context)
const exampleProxy = createProxyMiddleware(options);
// mount `exampleProxy` in web server
const app = express();
app.use('/api', exampleProxy);
app.listen(3000);
Context matching
Providing an alternative way to decide which requests should be proxied; In case you are not able to use the server's path
parameter to mount the proxy or when you need more flexibility.
RFC 3986 path
is used for context matching.
foo://example.com:8042/over/there?name=ferret#nose
\_/ \______________/\_________/ \_________/ \__/
| | | | |
scheme authority path query fragment
path matching
createProxyMiddleware({...})
- matches any path, all requests will be proxied.createProxyMiddleware('/', {...})
- matches any path, all requests will be proxied.createProxyMiddleware('/api', {...})
- matches paths starting with/api
multiple path matching
createProxyMiddleware(['/api', '/ajax', '/someotherpath'], {...})
wildcard path matching
For fine-grained control you can use wildcard matching. Glob pattern matching is done by micromatch. Visit micromatch or glob for more globbing examples.
createProxyMiddleware('**', {...})
matches any path, all requests will be proxied.createProxyMiddleware('**/*.html', {...})
matches any path which ends with.html
createProxyMiddleware('/*.html', {...})
matches paths directly under path-absolutecreateProxyMiddleware('/api/**/*.html', {...})
matches requests ending with.html
in the path of/api
createProxyMiddleware(['/api/**', '/ajax/**'], {...})
combine multiple patternscreateProxyMiddleware(['/api/**', '!**/bad.json'], {...})
exclusion
Note: In multiple path matching, you cannot use string paths and wildcard paths together.
custom matching
For full control you can provide a custom function to determine which requests should be proxied or not.
/** * @return {Boolean} */ const filter = function (pathname, req) { return pathname.match('^/api') && req.method === 'GET'; }; const apiProxy = createProxyMiddleware(filter, { target: 'http://www.example.org', });
Options
http-proxy-middleware options
option.pathRewrite: object/function, rewrite target's url path. Object-keys will be used as RegExp to match paths.
// rewrite path pathRewrite: {'^/old/api' : '/new/api'} // remove path pathRewrite: {'^/remove/api' : ''} // add base path pathRewrite: {'^/' : '/basepath/'} // custom rewriting pathRewrite: function (path, req) { return path.replace('/api', '/base/api') } // custom rewriting, returning Promise pathRewrite: async function (path, req) { const should_add_something = await httpRequestToDecideSomething(path); if (should_add_something) path += "something"; return path; }
option.router: object/function, re-target
option.target
for specific requests.// Use `host` and/or `path` to match requests. First match will be used. // The order of the configuration matters. router: { 'integration.localhost:3000' : 'http://localhost:8001', // host only 'staging.localhost:3000' : 'http://localhost:8002', // host only 'localhost:3000/api' : 'http://localhost:8003', // host + path '/rest' : 'http://localhost:8004' // path only } // Custom router function (string target) router: function(req) { return 'http://localhost:8004'; } // Custom router function (target object) router: function(req) { return { protocol: 'https:', // The : is required host: 'localhost', port: 8004 }; } // Asynchronous router function which returns promise router: async function(req) { const url = await doSomeIO(); return url; }
option.logLevel: string, ['debug', 'info', 'warn', 'error', 'silent']. Default:
'info'
option.logProvider: function, modify or replace log provider. Default:
console
.// simple replace function logProvider(provider) { // replace the default console log provider. return require('winston'); }
// verbose replacement function logProvider(provider) { const logger = new (require('winston').Logger)(); const myCustomProvider = { log: logger.log, debug: logger.debug, info: logger.info, warn: logger.warn, error: logger.error, }; return myCustomProvider; }
http-proxy events
Subscribe to http-proxy events:
option.onError: function, subscribe to http-proxy's
error
event for custom error handling.function onError(err, req, res, target) { res.writeHead(500, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain', }); res.end('Something went wrong. And we are reporting a custom error message.'); }
option.onProxyRes: function, subscribe to http-proxy's
proxyRes
event.function onProxyRes(proxyRes, req, res) { proxyRes.headers['x-added'] = 'foobar'; // add new header to response delete proxyRes.headers['x-removed']; // remove header from response }
option.onProxyReq: function, subscribe to http-proxy's
proxyReq
event.function onProxyReq(proxyReq, req, res) { // add custom header to request proxyReq.setHeader('x-added', 'foobar'); // or log the req }
option.onProxyReqWs: function, subscribe to http-proxy's
proxyReqWs
event.function onProxyReqWs(proxyReq, req, socket, options, head) { // add custom header proxyReq.setHeader('X-Special-Proxy-Header', 'foobar'); }
option.onOpen: function, subscribe to http-proxy's
open
event.function onOpen(proxySocket) { // listen for messages coming FROM the target here proxySocket.on('data', hybiParseAndLogMessage); }
option.onClose: function, subscribe to http-proxy's
close
event.function onClose(res, socket, head) { // view disconnected websocket connections console.log('Client disconnected'); }
http-proxy options
The following options are provided by the underlying http-proxy library.
option.target: url string to be parsed with the url module
option.forward: url string to be parsed with the url module
option.agent: object to be passed to http(s).request (see Node's https agent and http agent objects)
option.ssl: object to be passed to https.createServer()
option.ws: true/false: if you want to proxy websockets
option.xfwd: true/false, adds x-forward headers
option.secure: true/false, if you want to verify the SSL Certs
option.toProxy: true/false, passes the absolute URL as the
path
(useful for proxying to proxies)option.prependPath: true/false, Default: true - specify whether you want to prepend the target's path to the proxy path
option.ignorePath: true/false, Default: false - specify whether you want to ignore the proxy path of the incoming request (note: you will have to append / manually if required).
option.localAddress : Local interface string to bind for outgoing connections
option.changeOrigin: true/false, Default: false - changes the origin of the host header to the target URL
option.preserveHeaderKeyCase: true/false, Default: false - specify whether you want to keep letter case of response header key
option.auth : Basic authentication i.e. 'user:password' to compute an Authorization header.
option.hostRewrite: rewrites the location hostname on (301/302/307/308) redirects.
option.autoRewrite: rewrites the location host/port on (301/302/307/308) redirects based on requested host/port. Default: false.
option.protocolRewrite: rewrites the location protocol on (301/302/307/308) redirects to 'http' or 'https'. Default: null.
option.cookieDomainRewrite: rewrites domain of
set-cookie
headers. Possible values:false
(default): disable cookie rewriting- String: new domain, for example
cookieDomainRewrite: "new.domain"
. To remove the domain, usecookieDomainRewrite: ""
. - Object: mapping of domains to new domains, use
"*"
to match all domains.
For example keep one domain unchanged, rewrite one domain and remove other domains:cookieDomainRewrite: { "unchanged.domain": "unchanged.domain", "old.domain": "new.domain", "*": "" }
option.cookiePathRewrite: rewrites path of
set-cookie
headers. Possible values:false
(default): disable cookie rewriting- String: new path, for example
cookiePathRewrite: "/newPath/"
. To remove the path, usecookiePathRewrite: ""
. To set path to root usecookiePathRewrite: "/"
. - Object: mapping of paths to new paths, use
"*"
to match all paths. For example, to keep one path unchanged, rewrite one path and remove other paths:cookiePathRewrite: { "/unchanged.path/": "/unchanged.path/", "/old.path/": "/new.path/", "*": "" }
option.headers: object, adds request headers. (Example:
{host:'www.example.org'}
)option.proxyTimeout: timeout (in millis) when proxy receives no response from target
option.timeout: timeout (in millis) for incoming requests
option.followRedirects: true/false, Default: false - specify whether you want to follow redirects
option.selfHandleResponse true/false, if set to true, none of the webOutgoing passes are called and it's your responsibility to appropriately return the response by listening and acting on the
proxyRes
eventoption.buffer: stream of data to send as the request body. Maybe you have some middleware that consumes the request stream before proxying it on e.g. If you read the body of a request into a field called 'req.rawbody' you could restream this field in the buffer option:
'use strict'; const streamify = require('stream-array'); const HttpProxy = require('http-proxy'); const proxy = new HttpProxy(); module.exports = (req, res, next) => { proxy.web( req, res, { target: 'http://localhost:4003/', buffer: streamify(req.rawBody), }, next ); };
Shorthand
Use the shorthand syntax when verbose configuration is not needed. The context
and option.target
will be automatically configured when shorthand is used. Options can still be used if needed.
createProxyMiddleware('http://www.example.org:8000/api');
// createProxyMiddleware('/api', {target: 'http://www.example.org:8000'});
createProxyMiddleware('http://www.example.org:8000/api/books/*/**.json');
// createProxyMiddleware('/api/books/*/**.json', {target: 'http://www.example.org:8000'});
createProxyMiddleware('http://www.example.org:8000/api', { changeOrigin: true });
// createProxyMiddleware('/api', {target: 'http://www.example.org:8000', changeOrigin: true});
app.use(path, proxy)
If you want to use the server's app.use
path
parameter to match requests;
Create and mount the proxy without the http-proxy-middleware context
parameter:
app.use('/api', createProxyMiddleware({ target: 'http://www.example.org', changeOrigin: true }));
app.use
documentation:
- express: http://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#app.use
- connect: https://github.com/senchalabs/connect#mount-middleware
- polka: https://github.com/lukeed/polka#usebase-fn
WebSocket
// verbose api
createProxyMiddleware('/', { target: 'http://echo.websocket.org', ws: true });
// shorthand
createProxyMiddleware('http://echo.websocket.org', { ws: true });
// shorter shorthand
createProxyMiddleware('ws://echo.websocket.org');
External WebSocket upgrade
In the previous WebSocket examples, http-proxy-middleware relies on a initial http request in order to listen to the http upgrade
event. If you need to proxy WebSockets without the initial http request, you can subscribe to the server's http upgrade
event manually.
const wsProxy = createProxyMiddleware('ws://echo.websocket.org', { changeOrigin: true });
const app = express();
app.use(wsProxy);
const server = app.listen(3000);
server.on('upgrade', wsProxy.upgrade); // <-- subscribe to http 'upgrade'
Intercept and manipulate requests
Intercept requests from downstream by defining onProxyReq
in createProxyMiddleware
.
Currently the only pre-provided request interceptor is fixRequestBody
, which is used to fix proxied POST requests when bodyParser
is applied before this middleware.
Example:
const { createProxyMiddleware, fixRequestBody } = require('http-proxy-middleware');
const proxy = createProxyMiddleware({
/**
* Fix bodyParser
**/
onProxyReq: fixRequestBody,
});
Intercept and manipulate responses
Intercept responses from upstream with responseInterceptor
. (Make sure to set selfHandleResponse: true
)
Responses which are compressed with brotli
, gzip
and deflate
will be decompressed automatically. The response will be returned as buffer
(docs) which you can manipulate.
With buffer
, response manipulation is not limited to text responses (html/css/js, etc...); image manipulation will be possible too. (example)
NOTE: responseInterceptor
disables streaming of target's response.
Example:
const { createProxyMiddleware, responseInterceptor } = require('http-proxy-middleware');
const proxy = createProxyMiddleware({
/**
* IMPORTANT: avoid res.end being called automatically
**/
selfHandleResponse: true, // res.end() will be called internally by responseInterceptor()
/**
* Intercept response and replace 'Hello' with 'Goodbye'
**/
onProxyRes: responseInterceptor(async (responseBuffer, proxyRes, req, res) => {
const response = responseBuffer.toString('utf8'); // convert buffer to string
return response.replace('Hello', 'Goodbye'); // manipulate response and return the result
}),
});
Check out interception recipes for more examples.
Working examples
View and play around with working examples.
- Browser-Sync (example source)
- express (example source)
- connect (example source)
- WebSocket (example source)
- Response Manipulation (example source)
Recipes
View the recipes for common use cases.
Compatible servers
http-proxy-middleware
is compatible with the following servers:
- connect
- express
- fastify
- browser-sync
- lite-server
- polka
- grunt-contrib-connect
- grunt-browser-sync
- gulp-connect
- gulp-webserver
Sample implementations can be found in the server recipes.
Tests
Run the test suite:
# install dependencies
$ yarn
# linting
$ yarn lint
$ yarn lint:fix
# building (compile typescript to js)
$ yarn build
# unit tests
$ yarn test
# code coverage
$ yarn cover
Changelog
License
The MIT License (MIT)
Copyright (c) 2015-2021 Steven Chim