@wdn2010/cdxgen
v8.6.0
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Creates CycloneDX Software Bill-of-Materials (SBOM) from source or container image
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CycloneDX Generator
This tool creates a valid and compliant CycloneDX Software Bill-of-Materials (SBOM) containing an aggregate of all project dependencies for c/c++, node.js, php, python, ruby, rust, java, .Net, dart, haskell, elixir, and Go projects in XML and JSON format. CycloneDX 1.4 is a lightweight SBOM specification that is easily created, human and machine-readable, and simple to parse.
When used with plugins, cdxgen could generate an SBoM for Linux docker images and even VMs running Linux or Windows operating system.
Supported languages and package format
| Language/Platform | Package format | Transitive dependencies | | ------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | node.js | npm-shrinkwrap.json, package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, yarn.lock, rush.js, bower.json, .min.js | Yes except .min.js | | java | maven (pom.xml [1]), gradle (build.gradle, .kts), scala (sbt), bazel | Yes unless pom.xml is manually parsed due to unavailability of maven or errors | | php | composer.lock | Yes | | python | pyproject.toml, setup.py, requirements.txt [2], Pipfile.lock, poetry.lock, bdist_wheel, .whl, .egg-info | Yes using the automatic pip install/freeze. When disabled, only with Pipfile.lock and poetry.lock | | go | binary, go.mod, go.sum, Gopkg.lock | Yes except binary | | ruby | Gemfile.lock, gemspec | Only for Gemfile.lock | | rust | binary, Cargo.toml, Cargo.lock | Only for Cargo.lock | | .Net | .csproj, packages.config, project.assets.json [3], packages.lock.json, .nupkg | Only for project.assets.json, packages.lock.json | | dart | pubspec.lock, pubspec.yaml | Only for pubspec.lock | | haskell | cabal.project.freeze | Yes | | elixir | mix.lock | Yes | | c/c++ | conan.lock, conanfile.txt | Yes only for conan.lock | | clojure | Clojure CLI (deps.edn), Leiningen (project.clj) | Yes unless the files are parsed manually due to lack of clojure cli or leiningen command | | swift | Package.resolved, Package.swift (swiftpm) | Yes | | docker / oci image | All supported languages. Linux OS packages with plugins [4] | Best effort based on lock files | | GitHub Actions | .github/workflows/*.yml | N/A | | Linux | All supported languages. Linux OS packages with plugins [5] | Best effort based on lock files | | Windows | All supported languages. OS packages with best effort [5] | Best effort based on lock files | | Jenkins Plugins | .hpi files | | | Helm Charts | .yaml | N/A | | Skaffold | .yaml | N/A | | kustomization | .yaml | N/A | | Tekton tasks | .yaml | N/A | | Kubernetes | .yaml | N/A | | Maven Cache | $HOME/.m2/repository/**/*.jar | N/A | | SBT Cache | $HOME/.ivy2/cache/**/*.jar | N/A | | Gradle Cache | $HOME/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/**/*.jar | N/A | | Helm Index | $HOME/.cache/helm/repository/**/*.yaml | N/A | | Docker compose | docker-compose*.yml. Images would also be scanned. | N/A | | Google CloudBuild configuration | cloudbuild.yaml | N/A | | OpenAPI | openapi*.json, openapi*.yaml | N/A | | Privado | privado.json | Data and service information will be included. Use with universal mode. |
NOTE:
- Apache maven 3.x is required for parsing pom.xml
- gradle or gradlew is required to parse gradle projects
- sbt is required for parsing scala sbt projects. Only scala 2.10 + sbt 0.13.6+ and 2.12 + sbt 1.0+ is supported for now.
- Alternatively, create a lock file using sbt-dependency-lock plugin
Footnotes:
- [1] - For multi-module application, the BoM file could include components that may not be included in the packaged war or ear file.
- [2] - Pip freeze is automatically performed to improve precision. Requires virtual environment.
- [3] - Perform dotnet or nuget restore to generate project.assets.json. Without this file cdxgen would not include indirect dependencies.
- [4] - See section on plugins
- [5] - Powered by osquery. See section on plugins
Automatic usage detection
For node.js projects, lock files are parsed initially so the SBoM would include all dependencies including dev dependencies. An AST parser powered by babel-parser is then used to detect packages that are imported and used by non-test code. Such imported packages would automatically have their scope
property set to required
in the resulting SBoM. By passing the argument --no-babel
, you can disable this analysis. Scope property would then be set based on the dev
attribute in the lock file.
This attribute can be later used for various purposes. For example, dep-scan use this attribute to prioritize vulnerabilities. Tools such dependency track, unfortunately, do not include this feature and hence might over-report the CVEs.
By passing the argument --required-only
, you can limit the SBoM to only include packages with the scope "required", commonly referred to as production or non-dev dependencies. Combine with --no-babel
to limit this list to only non-dev dependencies based on the dev
attribute being false in the lock files.
For go, go mod why
command is used to identify required packages. For php, composer lock file is used to distinguish required (packages) from optional (packages-dev).
Usage
Installing
sudo npm install -g @cyclonedx/cdxgen
You can also use the cdxgen container image
docker run --rm -v /tmp:/tmp -v $(pwd):/app:rw -t ghcr.io/cyclonedx/cdxgen -r /app -o /app/bom.json
Getting Help
$ cdxgen -h
Options:
-o, --output Output file for bom.xml or bom.json. Default
bom.json
-t, --type Project type
-r, --recurse Recurse mode suitable for mono-repos [boolean]
-p, --print Print the SBoM as a table. Defaults to true if
output file is not specified with -o [boolean]
-c, --resolve-class Resolve class names for packages. jars only for
now. [boolean]
--deep Perform deep searches for components. Useful
while scanning live OS and oci images. [boolean]
--server-url Dependency track url. Eg:
https://deptrack.cyclonedx.io
--api-key Dependency track api key
--project-group Dependency track project group
--project-name Dependency track project name. Default use the
directory name
--project-version Dependency track project version [default: ""]
--project-id Dependency track project id. Either provide the
id or the project name and version together
--required-only Include only the packages with required scope on
the SBoM. [boolean]
--fail-on-error Fail if any dependency extractor fails. [boolean]
--no-babel Do not use babel to perform usage analysis for
JavaScript/TypeScript projects. [boolean]
--generate-key-and-sign Generate an RSA public/private key pair and then
sign the generated SBoM using JSON Web
Signatures. [boolean]
--server Run cdxgen as a server [boolean]
--server-host Listen address [default: "127.0.0.1"]
--server-port Listen port [default: "9090"]
--install-deps Install dependencies automatically for some
projects. Defaults to true but disabled for
containers and oci scans. Use --no-install-deps
to disable this feature.[boolean] [default: true]
--version Show version number [boolean]
-h Show help [boolean]
Example
Minimal example.
cdxgen -o bom.json
NOTE:
cdxgen would always produce bom in both xml and json format as per CycloneDX 1.4 specification. json is the recommended format.
For a java project. This would automatically detect maven, gradle or sbt and build bom accordingly
cdxgen -t java -o bom.json
To print the SBoM as a table pass -p
argument.
cdxgen -t java -o bom.json -p
To recursively generate a single BoM for all languages pass -r
argument.
cdxgen -r -o bom.json
Universal SBoM
By passing the type -t universal
, cdxgen could be forced to opportunistically collect as many components and services as possible by scanning all package, container and kubernetes manifests. The resulting SBoM could have over thousand components thus requiring additional triaging before use with traditional SCA tools.
SBoM server
Invoke cdxgen with --server
argument to run it in a server mode. By default, it listens to port 9090
which can be customized with the arguments --server-host
and --server-port
.
cdxgen --server
Or use the container image.
docker run --rm -v /tmp:/tmp -p 9090:9090 -v $(pwd):/app:rw -t ghcr.io/cyclonedx/cdxgen -r /app --server --server-host 0.0.0.0
Use curl or your favourite tool to pass arguments to the /sbom
route.
Scanning a local path
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9090/sbom?path=/Volumes/Work/sandbox/vulnerable-aws-koa-app&multiProject=true&type=js"
Scanning a git repo
curl "http://127.0.0.1:9090/sbom?url=https://github.com/HooliCorp/vulnerable-aws-koa-app.git&multiProject=true&type=js"
You can POST the arguments.
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:9090/sbom -XPOST -d $'{"url": "https://github.com/HooliCorp/vulnerable-aws-koa-app.git", "type": "nodejs", "multiProject": "true"}'
Docker compose
git clone https://github.com/cyclonedx/cdxgen.git
docker compose up
Privado.ai support
In universal mode, cdxgen can look for any Privado scan reports and enrich the SBoM with data (flow and classification), endpoints, and leakage information. Such an SBoM would help with privacy compliance and use cases.
Invoke privado scan first to generate this report followed by an invocation of cdxgen in universal mode as shown.
privado scan --enable-javascript <directory>
cdxgen -t universal <directory> -o bom.json
War file support
cdxgen can generate a BoM file from a given war file.
# cdxgen -t java app.war
cdxgen app.war
Resolving class names
Sometimes it is necessary to resolve class names contained in jar files. By passing an optional argument --resolve-class
, it is possible to get cdxgen create a separate mapping file with the jar name (including the version) as the key and class names list as a value.
cdxgen -t java --resolve-class -o bom.json
This would create a bom.json.map file with the jar - class name mapping. Refer to these examples to learn about the structure.
Resolving licenses
cdxgen can automatically query the public registries such as maven or npm or nuget to resolve the package licenses. This is a time consuming operation and is disabled by default. To enable, set the environment variable FETCH_LICENSE
to true
as shown.
export FETCH_LICENSE=true
Dependency Tree
cdxgen can retain the dependency tree under the dependencies
attribute for a small number of supported package manifests. These are currently limited to:
- package-lock.json
- yarn.lock
- pnpm-lock.yaml
- Maven (pom.xml)
- Gradle
Environment variables
| Variable | Description |
| ---------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| CDXGEN_DEBUG_MODE | Set to debug
to enable debug messages |
| GITHUB_TOKEN | Specify GitHub token to prevent traffic shaping while querying license and repo information |
| MVN_CMD | Set to override maven command |
| MVN_ARGS | Set to pass additional arguments such as profile or settings to maven |
| MAVEN_HOME | Specify maven home |
| GRADLE_CACHE_DIR | Specify gradle cache directory. Useful for class name resolving |
| GRADLE_MULTI_PROJECT_MODE | Unused. Automatically handled |
| GRADLE_ARGS | Set to pass additional arguments such as profile or settings to gradle. Eg: --configuration runtimeClassPath |
| GRADLE_HOME | Specify gradle home |
| GRADLE_CMD | Set to override gradle command |
| GRADLE_DEPENDENCY_TASK | By default cdxgen use the task "dependencies" to collect packages. Set to override the task name. |
| SBT_CACHE_DIR | Specify sbt cache directory. Useful for class name resolving |
| FETCH_LICENSE | Set this variable to true
or 1
to fetch license information from the registry. npm and golang |
| USE_GOSUM | Set to true
or 1
to generate BOMs for golang projects using go.sum as the dependency source of truth, instead of go.mod |
| CDXGEN_TIMEOUT_MS | Default timeout for known execution involving maven, gradle or sbt |
| CDXGEN_SERVER_TIMEOUT_MS | Default timeout in server mode |
| BAZEL_TARGET | Bazel target to build. Default :all (Eg: //java-maven) |
| CLJ_CMD | Set to override the clojure cli command |
| LEIN_CMD | Set to override the leiningen command |
| SBOM_SIGN_ALGORITHM | Signature algorithm. Some valid values are RS256, RS384, RS512, PS256, PS384, PS512, ES256 etc |
| SBOM_SIGN_PRIVATE_KEY | Private key to use for signing |
| SBOM_SIGN_PUBLIC_KEY | Optional. Public key to include in the SBoM signature |
| CDX_MAVEN_PLUGIN | CycloneDX Maven plugin to use. Default "org.cyclonedx:cyclonedx-maven-plugin:2.7.8" |
| CDX_MAVEN_GOAL | CycloneDX Maven plugin goal to use. Default makeAggregateBom. Other options: makeBom, makePackageBom |
| CDX_MAVEN_INCLUDE_TEST_SCOPE | Whether test scoped dependencies should be included from Maven projects, Default: true |
Plugins
cdxgen could be extended with external binary plugins to support more SBoM use cases. These are now installed as an optional dependency.
sudo npm install -g @cyclonedx/cdxgen-plugins-bin
Docker / OCI container support
docker
type is automatically detected based on the presence of values such as sha256
or docker.io
prefix etc in the path.
cdxgen odoo@sha256:4e1e147f0e6714e8f8c5806d2b484075b4076ca50490577cdf9162566086d15e -o /tmp/bom.json
You can also pass -t docker
for simple labels. Only the latest
tag would be pulled if none was specified.
cdxgen shiftleft/scan-slim -o /tmp/bom.json -t docker
You can also pass the .tar file of a container image.
docker pull shiftleft/scan-slim
docker save -o /tmp/slim.tar shiftleft/scan-slim
podman save -q --format oci-archive -o /tmp/slim.tar shiftleft/scan-slim
cdxgen /tmp/slim.tar -o /tmp/bom.json -t docker
NOTE:
- Only application related packages are collected by cdxgen. Support for OS installed packages is coming soon.
Podman in rootless mode
Setup podman in either rootless or remote mode
On Linux, do not forget to start the podman socket which is required for API access.
systemctl --user enable --now podman.socket
systemctl --user start podman.socket
podman system service -t 0 &
Generate SBoM for a live system
You can use cdxgen to generate SBoM for a live system or a VM for compliance and vulnerability management purposes by passing the argument -t os
.
cdxgen -t os
This feature is powered by osquery which is installed along with the binary plugins. cdxgen would opportunistically try to detect as many components, apps and extensions as possible using the default queries. The process would take several minutes and result in an SBoM file with thousands of components.
SBoM signing
cdxgen can sign the generated SBoM json file to increase authenticity and non-repudiation capabilities. To enable this, set the following environment variables.
- SBOM_SIGN_ALGORITHM: Algorithm. Example: RS512
- SBOM_SIGN_PRIVATE_KEY: Location to the RSA private key
- SBOM_SIGN_PUBLIC_KEY: Optional. Location to the RSA public key
To generate test public/private key pairs, you can run cdxgen by passing the argument --generate-key-and-sign
. The generated json file would have an attribute called signature
which could be used for validation. jwt.io is a known site that could be used for such signature validation.
Automatic services detection
cdxgen could automatically detect names of services from YAML manifests such as docker-compose or Kubernetes or Skaffold manifests. These would be populated under the services
attribute in the generated SBoM. Please help improve this feature by filing issues for any inaccurate detection.
Conversion to SPDX format
Use the CycloneDX CLI tool for advanced use cases such as conversion, diff and merging.
License
Permission to modify and redistribute is granted under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license. See the LICENSE file for the full license.
Contributing
Follow the usual PR process but prior to raising a PR run the following commands.
npm run lint
npm run pretty
npm test