@tradle/bots

v2.0.0

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4 months ago

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@tradle/bots

Digital Identity Intro

Jump down the rabbit hole.

Examples

See some existing bots

The pieces of the puzzle

Users of the Tradle app converse with providers. The brains behind each provider is a bot.

The Tradle server takes care of:

secure line to your users
creation/monitoring of blockchain transactions
calling your bot's web server with messages from the user (and blockchain-related events)

The Tradle app takes care of:

cross-platform support (iOS & Android). iOS is currently more mature.
cross-browser support (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, IE11). Chrome currently has the best support.
offline support, a must on mobiles, but very hard to develop. You have it here out of the box.
UI. You can customize it with per-provider styles on the server-side. In the near future you will be able to add your own JS code that will be executed in the app.

This framework supports:

asynchronous messaging
reliable persistent-queue-based send/receive on both the server and the bot ends (the basis for offline support)
easy to get started. We provide set of sample bots, which we call "strategies"

Your bot, the Tradle server, and the clients

communication diagram

The Tradle server acts like a router between your bot and your clients, on their Tradle apps. Your bot will represent a single provider, as different providers typically require different functionality. Being able to set up multiple service providers on one Tradle server makes it easier to test and do demos.

From the client's perspective (see the Tradle app screenshot below), providers are listed together in the Conversations screen.

In the guide that follows, you'll set up a service provider called Silly, and connect your bot to it.

providers in Tradle app

Talk to some sample bots

At https://bots.tradle.io there's a Tradle web app set up with a bunch of test bots, some of which are built with this framework (Inviter and Age Verification). Register, click the chats icon in the Profile page footer and chat with bots.

Conversation Screen | 2. Chatting with the Inviter bot :---------------------------:|:---------------------------: |

Prerequisites

How can you have any pudding if you don't eat your prerequisites?

Platform

These instructions have been tested on the following platforms:

macOS Sierra
Windows 10 Home Edition

If you run into problems setting up, submit an issue!

Environment

You will be using a dockerized Tradle server, and building your bots with Node.js

Docker. On Windows 10 Home Edition you will need to install Docker Toolbox instead of Docker. Follow the Docker link, find Windows installation page and search for Toolbox.
Docker Compose
Node.js 6 or later

OSX Users

Docker used to run via boot2docker, but now has the much better Docker for Mac. Install it.
Remove environment variables in your ~/.bash_profile that start with DOCKER_. These are boot2docker's legacy.
Open a fresh shell. Mm, you smell that? Me neither. boot2docker will plague us no more.

Run docker, login

Create an account on Docker Hub if you haven't already
Make sure Docker is running. To make sure you made sure, run docker info and count off two microseconds. If it doesn't spit out some awesome stats, docker is probably not running.
Run docker login in your shell, and login with your Docker Hub credentials

Usage

Clone this repository

git clone https://github.com/tradle/bots tradle-bots
cd tradle-bots

Install dependencies

This project uses yarn package manager, which is like npm, but faster, leaner, and more emoji-infused. You had as at "emoji", yarn!

To install it, smirk ironically, and run:

npm i -g yarn
# if that doesn't work: sudo npm i -g yarn

Then install dependencies:

yarn --ignore-optional

Run Tradle server

This uses the Docker Compose file tradle-server-compose.yml, at the root of your tradle-bots folder:

On OSX, to enable connecting from the container to the host, run:

# https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-mac/networking/#/known-limitations-use-cases-and-workarounds
#   see: "I want to connect from a container to a service on the host"
sudo ifconfig lo0 alias 10.200.10.1/24

Start the server!

# switch to your tradle-bots directory
# start up dockerized tradle server and web app
yarn run server
# check things are running:
docker ps
# ... NAMES
# ... tradle-web-app
# ... tradle-server

Create a provider

Let's create a provider called Silly, with handle silly (url path: /silly)

# attach to the tradle-server container
# or: `yarn run attach`
docker attach tradle-server
# ( you may need to hit Enter an extra time to show the prompt )
# you are now in the tradle server's command line client
# let's create a provider
tradle-server$ newprovider silly Silly
# Generating a really good provider: silly 
# This may take a few seconds...
# Enter a local path or a url of the provider logo:
https://afv.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Tongue.png
# subscribe your bot's web server for webhooks
# OSX: see the previous section for the explanation for the IP address value
tradle-server$ newwebhook silly http://10.200.10.1:8000
# Windows: use Docker's NAT address (10.0.75.1) to configure webhook:
tradle-server$ newwebhook silly http://10.0.75.1:8000 
# start things up
tradle-server$ restartproviders

Your Tradle server is now running at http://localhost:44444, and silly provider is running at http://localhost:44444/silly

Note: when attached to a Docker container, if you hit Ctrl+C, you will kill it. Docker Compose will automatically restart it (see the restart: always flag in tradle-server-compose.yml), but to be nice, detach with Ctrl+P Ctrl+Q

Connect your Tradle app

Web

Make sure docker ps shows tradle-web-app running
Open http://localhost:55555 in Google Chrome. Firefox, Safari and IE11 are almost there.

Mobile

Make sure your phone is on the same network as the computer running your Tradle server.
Get your computer's local ip.
In your Tradle app, on the Conversations screen, click the red button, and choose Add Server URL. Enter the address of your Tradle server: http://{your_local_ip}:44444

Configuring your bot

No silly provider is complete without a silly strategy. Below is the annotated default config file, which can be found at ./sample-conf.json. It runs the strategy in ./lib/strategy/silly.js. Once you outgrow the silly strategy (it took me years), and you've sampled the others in ./lib/strategy, feel free to create your own. To use a particular config file, run yarn start as follows:

# nerds:
#   the extra '--' after yarn start is to help yarn distinguish its own arguments
#   from arguments to the underlying script (./cmd.js)
#   it is equivalent to: DEBUG=tradle:* ./cmd.js --conf ./path/to/your/config.json
yarn start -- --conf ./path/to/your/config.json

{
  // the port on which your bot will run its web server
  // when you register your webhooks on the Tradle server, specify this port
  "port": 8000,
  // the console prompt, in this case a red hot chili pepper icon
  "repl": "\uD83C\uDF36  ",
  // the url of the provider your bot controls on the Tradle server
  // url format: http://localhost:44444/{providerHandle}
  "providerURL": "http://localhost:44444/silly",
  // the directory in which your bot will store its databases
  // and any temporary files
  "dir": "./storage/silly",
  // strategies your bot will use when it starts
  "strategies": [
    "./lib/strategy/silly.js"
  ]
}

Note: If running multiple bots simultaneously, be sure to use a different port and a different dir for each.

Console

The easiest way to get started is by playing in the Javascript console. Make sure your Tradle server us up and running.

The console can be started by running yarn start. Below is a sample session. Below that, see an outline of the objects and functions available in the global scope.

Sample Session

# switch to your tradle-bots directory
#
# yarn start runs ./cmd.js with lots of logging. See "scripts" in package.json
$ yarn start -- --conf ./conf/silly.json
# Listening on port 8000
# 
# before anything test the connection to your provider:
health()
testing connection to provider...
all good!
# list stored users
bot.users.list()
# TIP: assign to variable with: users = yield bot.users.list()
# no users yet
{}
# list our strategies
bot.strategies.list()
# we're using the silly strategy (see './lib/strategy/silly.js')
# depending on your config (sample-conf.json), you may be using a different one
[ [Function: sillyStrategy] ]
# screw that for now, we want to talk to our users manually
bot.strategies.clear()
bot.strategies.list()
[]
# print to console all received message
togglePrintReceived()
# go to your Tradle app and say something to the provider your bot's hooked up to
# ..yay, we got a message
#  a7d454a8ec9a1bd375f9dd16afdadff9ed8765a03016f6abf7dd10df0f7c8fbe {
#  "_s": "CkkKBHAyNTYSQQQkBY3Zz1lTCpyGK4aQzW8mzp8cz7KuvP0U9Km8vddXuL8PFnHpeFN60seFpmvGTAmy0hpA4hg/zQVsYXc2h8kIEkcwRQIgdQy4DkLs3AcYZ+LsbZvEyGNbuLzuyNHri1kWuvN3Su8CIQC6TwkhBqyJn+QG5gUFFFmnxZS+iI0OJ2yQIB4I2dGhbA==",
#  "_t": "tradle.CustomerWaiting",
#  "_z": "ac1c730a4b803b9cb9ca88c6ed0ddadce06d89e5f881f4c91f76e64050728a4c",
#  "message": "Ove has entered the chat",
#  "time": 1486070892140
}
# list stored users
bot.users.list()
# ok, this is that person that was messaging us earlier
# { a7d454a8ec9a1bd375f9dd16afdadff9ed8765a03016f6abf7dd10df0f7c8fbe: 
#   { id: 'a7d454a8ec9a1bd375f9dd16afdadff9ed8765a03016f6abf7dd10df0f7c8fbe',
#     history: [ [Object], [Object], [Object], [Object], [Object], [Object] ],
#     profile: { firstName: 'Ove' } } }
# ok, this is the guy who was messaging us earlier
# let's say hi (make sure to replace a7d4... with the 'id' that bot.users.list() printed out)
bot.send({ userId: 'a7d454a8ec9a1bd375f9dd16afdadff9ed8765a03016f6abf7dd10df0f7c8fbe', object: 'hey Ove!' })
# ok, good chat, let's turn the Silly strategy back on. 
# Silly will send a message to the app, and you can chat with Silly, 
# but do not expect any serious stuff, be silly yourself
bot.strategies.use(strategies.silly)
# if you build your own strategy, you simply use require(..):
#   bot.strategies.use(require('./path/to/my/strategy'))
# or add the path to your own conf file's "strategies" field

Console globals

as you can see in the session above, the console exposes a bunch of objects and functions in the global scope:

- health                      [Function]    test the connection to your provider
- togglePrintReceived         [Function]    toggle the printing to console of received messages
- bot                         [Object]
  - bot.strategies            [Object]
    - bot.strategies.list     [Function]    list enabled strategies
    - bot.strategies.use      [Function]    enable a strategy
    - bot.strategies.disable  [Function]    disable a strategy
    - bot.strategies.clear    [Function]    disable all strategies
  - bot.users                 [Object]
    - bot.users.list          [Function]    list users
    - bot.users.get           [Function]    get a user's state by id
    - bot.users.del           [Function]    delete a user
    - bot.users.clear         [Function]    delete all users
    - bot.users.new           [Function]    create a new user (you probably don't need this)
  - bot.seals                 [Object]
    - bot.seals.list          [Function]    list seals
    - bot.seals.get           [Function]    get a seal by an object link
    - bot.seals.queued        [Function]    get queued seals
  - bot.queued                [Object]
    - bot.queued.seals        [Function]    list queued seals (same as bot.seals.queued())
    - bot.queued.send         [Function]    list queued sends
    - bot.queued.receive      [Function]    list queued receives
  - bot.send                  [Function]    send a message to a user

Strategies

Yadda yadda, the examples were fun, now how do I build my own bot?

Implementing a basic strategy for a bot is easy. See ./lib/strategy for examples. Below is the echo strategy, which echoes everything any given user says back to them (and boy, do users love it).

// ./lib/strategy/echo.js
const { co } = require('bluebird').coroutine

module.exports = function echoStrategy (bot) {
  return bot.addReceiveHandler(co(function* ({ user, object, link /*, other goodies*/ }) {
    // we received `object`
    // send it back
    yield bot.send({ userId: user.id, object })
  }))
}

If your Promises are a bit rusty, or if you're asking yourself "what's co?" or "isn't yield only for generators?", skim this

./lib/strategy/silly.js is a slightly more complex strategy, and tradle/bot-products is an expert-system type strategy that is a pared down version of the Tradle server's in-house bot's strategy.

Receiving messages

To handle incoming messages from users, add a receive handler as follows:

function myStrategy (bot) {
  bot.addReceiveHandler(function ({ user, object, link /*, other goodies*/ }) {
    // return a Promise to ensure receive order
  })

  // tip: wrap in `co` to make your async javascript saner:
  // 
  // const co = require('bluebird').coroutine
  // bot.addReceiveHandler(co(function* ({ user, object /*, other goodies*/ }) {
  //   yield promiseSomething()
  //   yield promiseSomethingElse()
  // }))
}

Sending messages

To send a message to a user, use bot.send({ userId, object }):


function myStrategy (bot) {
  // const news = ...
  // ...
  news.on('raining men', function () {
    // bot.send(...) returns a Promise. Sensing a theme?
    bot.send({ 
      userId: String, 
      object: {
        _t: 'tradle.SimpleMessage'
        message: 'wear a helmet'
      }
      // equivalent shorthand for sending simple messages:
      // object: 'wear a helmet'
    })
  })
  // ...
}

Creating blockchain seals

Objects sent to a user, or received from a user can be sealed on blockchain as follows. To seal an object, you need to know its link, which

function echoAndSealStrategy (bot) {
  return bot.addReceiveHandler(co(function* ({ user, object, link /*, other goodies*/ }) {
    yield bot.send({ userId: user.id, object })
    bot.seal({ link })
  }))
}

Events

the bot.users object emits the following events:

'create': a new user state object has been created
'delete': a user state object has been deleted
'clear': all user state has been deleted
'update': a user state object has changed

the bot.seals object emits the following events:

'push': a request to seal an object has been pushed to the Tradle server
'wrote': the Tradle server has written a seal to the blockchain
'read': the Tradle server has read a seal for an object from the blockchain

the bot object emits the following events:

'message': when a message has been handled by all enabled strategies without error
'sent': when a message has been sent to the Tradle server for deliver to the client
'seal:push', 'seal:wrote', 'seal:read': re-emitted for convenience from bot.seals
'user:create', 'user:delete', 'user:clear', 'user:update': re-emitted for convenience from bot.users

Managing users

bot.users is the user manager object, which you can explore in the console. If you like mostly empty JSON objects, you're going to love this one.

Each user has a single state object, which is accessible with bot.users.get(userId)

Users are automatically registered with a default state object when the first message from them is received:

{
  "id": "..userId..", 
  "history": [] 
}

When you bot.send(...) or when your bot receives messages, they get appended to state.history. You can store whatever your evil bot needs on the user state object, just don't forget to bot.users.save(userState) lest the evil be thwarted.

Validation

How can you have any pudding...wait, we already did that one

Models

@tradle/validate

Validate your models. To be renamed to @tradle/validate-model once it has enough deps to break things.

Objects / Resources

@tradle/validate-resource

Validate objects against their corresponding models.

Model Builder (still raw)

@tradle/build-model

Build a model in code.

Known Limitations

database: for simplicity and ease of getting started, the bot framework uses lowdb for its databases. Yes, it's not a production-level database, it writes synchronously to the file-system, etc. Feel free to substitute it with your personal preference once you're past the prototype phase (e.g. the Tradle server uses LevelDB).
user state object: currently holds the user's messaging history. It would be good to have the history separate as an append-only feed, and only dig it up when needed (instead of on every change to the user object)

Contributing

Pull requests are welcome. If you build a strategy that you would like to share or show off, submit a pull request to add it to this README.

The master branch has stable if outdated code. The dev branch has the latest developments, so pull requests are best submitted there.

Published

Vulnerabilities

Links

Maintainers

Keywords

Readme

@tradle/bots

Digital Identity Intro

Examples

The pieces of the puzzle

Your bot, the Tradle server, and the clients

Talk to some sample bots

Prerequisites

Platform

Environment

OSX Users

Run docker, login

Usage

Clone this repository

Install dependencies

Run Tradle server

Create a provider

Connect your Tradle app

Web

Mobile

Configuring your bot

Console

Sample Session

Console globals

Strategies

Receiving messages

Sending messages

Creating blockchain seals

Events

Managing users

Validation

Models

Objects / Resources

Model Builder (still raw)

Known Limitations

Contributing