Oats

Oats is a generator for TypeScript clients and servers using OpenAPI 3 specs.

For some more context on why Oats came to be, and a more descriptive way of how to use it, check out our blogpost: https://medium.com/smartly-io/oats-how-we-learned-to-stop-worrying-and-love-types-aa0041aaa9cc

This package provides the tooling for generating the type definitions. A separate package provides the runtime that contains the code and base types needed for actually using the generated definitions.

Generating type definitions

Oats exposes driver.generate for configuring and running the generator.

As an example here we are generating a client and server definitions from an api specification in example.yaml that uses additional component schemas defined in common.yaml.

// yarn ts-node examples/driver.ts
import { driver, util } from '../index';
import { UnsupportedFeatureBehaviour } from '../src/driver';

// generate server from the shared openapi spec
// This example uses a specification file that contains compliant but unsupported nodes,
// such as 'securitySchemes' and 'security'
driver.generate({
  generatedValueClassFile: './tmp/server/types.generated.ts',
  generatedServerFile: './tmp/server/generated.ts',
  header: '/* tslint:disable variable-name only-arrow-functions*/',
  openapiFilePath: './test/example-with-security-nodes.yaml',
  resolve: driver.compose(driver.generateFile(), driver.localResolve),
  unsupportedFeatures: {
    security: UnsupportedFeatureBehaviour.ignore
  }
});

// generate client from the shared openapi spec
driver.generate({
  generatedValueClassFile: './tmp/client/types.generated.ts',
  generatedClientFile: './tmp/client/generated.ts',
  header: '/* tslint:disable variable-name only-arrow-functions*/',
  openapiFilePath: './test/example.yaml',
  resolve: driver.compose(driver.generateFile({ preservePathStructure: true }), driver.localResolve),
  // Omit error responses  from the client response types
  emitStatusCode: (code: number) => [200, 201, 204].indexOf(code) >= 0
});

The generated typescript types contain a type for all named components defined in the Openapi spec components/schemas. So for a component named_component: ...

• For top level type: object definitions oats generates a proper javascript class NamedComponent
• For other types oats generates a typescript type NamedComponent.
• For scalar types oats adds typescript branding to differentiate between various kinds of named scalar types

For type: object schemas that are nullable: true the type is split to a type NamedComponent = null | NonNullableNamedComponent where NonNullableNamedComponent is the actual class as class instances really cannot be null.

See runtime for details on working with the types.

The rest of the generated type definitions consist of the apis for clients and servers for actually implementing or interacting with the service.

Type resolution

By default the driver will only resolve $ref references to absolute paths inside the processed file. This behaviour can be added to by using the resolve option to driver which defines a function of type Resolve to be used when a $ref is encountered.

export type Resolve = (ref: string, options: Options) =>
  | { importAs: string; importFrom: string, name: string, generate?: () => Promise<void> }
  | { name: string }
  | undefined;

There are two builtin helpers for resolution which are used in the above code example

• generateFile which follows the references and generates the required files and import declarations
• localFile which only resolves $ref inside the same file to the name produced from $ref value.

Server usage

The generated server definition can be adapted to http servers backends for node. See for example the koa adapter.

For each Openapi3 definition get: /path/subpath the generated server requires the user to provide a value of type

{ 'path/subpath': { get: ctx => Promise<response> }}

for handling the requests to the server.

The generated server definition enforces strict data validation for both input and output for all defined paths.

// yarn ts-node examples/server.ts
import * as api from '../tmp/server/generated';
import * as common from '../tmp/server/common.types.generated';
import * as runtime from '@smartlyio/oats-runtime';
import * as koaAdapter from '@smartlyio/oats-koa-adapter';
import * as Koa from 'koa';
import { koaBody } from 'koa-body';

// setup a db :)
const values: { [key: string]: common.Item } = {};

interface RequestContext {
  messageIndex: number;
}

// 'api.EndpointsWithContext' is the generated type of the server
const spec: api.EndpointsWithContext<RequestContext> = {
  '/item': {
    post: async ctx => {
      if (ctx.headers.authorization !== 'Bearer ^-^') {
        return runtime.json(403, {
          message: 'Unauthorized',
          messageIndex: ctx.requestContext.messageIndex
        });
      }
      values[ctx.body.value.id] = common.Item.make({
        id: ctx.body.value.id,
        name: ctx.body.value.name
      }).success();
      return runtime.json(201, values[ctx.body.value.id]);
    }
  },
  '/item/{id}': {
    head: async ctx => {
      const item = values[ctx.params.id];
      if (item) {
        return runtime.noContent(200)
      }
      return runtime.json(400, {
        message: 'not found',
        messageIndex: ctx.requestContext.messageIndex
      });
    },
    delete: async ctx => {
      delete values[ctx.params.id];
      return runtime.noContent(204);
    },
    get: async ctx => {
      const item = values[ctx.params.id];
      if (item) {
        return runtime.json(200, item);
      }
      return runtime.json(400, {
        message: 'not found',
        messageIndex: ctx.requestContext.messageIndex
      });
    }
  }
};

let index = 0;

// 'koaAdapter.bind'  binds the endpoint implemantion in'spec' to
// koa-router routes using a koa adapter
const routes = koaAdapter.bind<api.EndpointsWithContext<RequestContext>, RequestContext>(
  runtime.server.createHandlerFactory<api.EndpointsWithContext<RequestContext>>(
    api.endpointHandlers
  ),
  spec,
  () => ({ messageIndex: index++ })
);

// finally we can create a Koa app from the routes
export function createApp() {
  const app = new Koa();
  // we need a bodyparser to make body contain json and deal with multipart
  // requests
  app.use(
    koaBody({
      multipart: true
    })
  );
  app.use(routes.routes());
  return app;
}

Client usage

Oats generates also client side definitions that can be adapted to http client backends for node. See for example the axios adapter. The generated client provides a fluent interface so that for each Openapi3 definition get: /path/subpath/{pathParameter} the generated api client can be called with api.path.subpath(pathParameter).get(). The generated client will enforce strict data validation for both input and output of the calls.

// yarn ts-node examples/client.ts
import * as api from '../tmp/client/generated';
import * as axiosAdapter from '@smartlyio/oats-axios-adapter';
import * as runtime from '@smartlyio/oats-runtime';
import * as app from './server';
import * as assert from 'assert';

// 'api.client' is the abstract implementation of the client which is then
// mapped to axios requests using 'axiosAdapter'
const apiClient = api.client(axiosAdapter.create());
async function runClient() {
  const posted = await apiClient.item.post({
    headers: {
      authorization: 'Bearer ^-^'
    },
    body: runtime.client.json({ id: 'id', name: 'name' })
  });
  if (posted.status !== 201) {
    return assert.fail('wrong response');
  }
  const stored = await apiClient.item(posted.value.value.id).get();
  if (stored.status !== 200) {
    return assert.fail('wrong response');
  }
  assert(stored.value.value.id === 'id');
  const deleted = await apiClient.item(posted.value.value.id).delete();
  assert(deleted.status === 204);
  return;
}

// spin up the server
const port = 12000;
app.createApp().listen(port, async () => {
  try {
    await runClient();
    process.exit(0);
  } catch (e) {
    console.log(e);
    process.exit(1);
  }
});

Testing

We support also property based testing and test data generation with fast-check through oats-fast-check