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@sidewinder/type

v0.14.0

Published

Sidewinder Type

Downloads

42

Readme

Overview

Sidewinder Types is an extended version of the TypeBox type library. It provides built in support for Uint8Array. It also encodes serializable runtime reflection data allowing remote systems to introspect and reconstruct associative types when schemas are exchanged over the wire. For additional information on TypeBox see the official documentation located here. For validation of the schemas built with this library, refer to the Sidewinder Validation package located here

License MIT

Contents

Install

$ npm install @sidewinder/type

Usage

The following demonstrates general usage.

import { Static, Type } from '@sidewinder/type'

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Let's say you have the following type ...
//
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

type T = {
  id: string
  name: string
  timestamp: number
}

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// ... you can express this type in the following way.
//
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

const T = Type.Object({
  // const T = {
  id: Type.String(), //   type: 'object',
  name: Type.String(), //   properties: {
  timestamp: Type.Integer(), //      id: {
}) //         type: 'string'
//      },
//      name: {
//         type: 'string'
//      },
//      timestamp: {
//         type: 'integer'
//      }
//   },
//   required: [
//      "id",
//      "name",
//      "timestamp"
//   ]
// }

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// ... then infer back to the original static type this way.
//
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

type T = Static<typeof T> // type T = {
//    id: string,
//    name: string,
//    timestamp: number
// }

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// ... then use the type both as JSON schema and as a TypeScript type.
//
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

function receive(value: T) {
  // ... as a Type

  if (JSON.validate(T, value)) {
    // ... as a Schema
    // ok...
  }
}

Types

The following table outlines the Sidewinder Type mappings between TypeScript and JSON schema.

┌────────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────────┐
│ Sidewinder Type                │ TypeScript                  │ JSON Schema                    │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Any()           │ type T = any                │ const T = { }                  │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Unknown()       │ type T = unknown            │ const T = { }                  │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.String()        │ type T = string             │ const T = {                    │
│                                │                             │    type: 'string'              │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Number()        │ type T = number             │ const T = {                    │
│                                │                             │    type: 'number'              │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Integer()       │ type T = number             │ const T = {                    │
│                                │                             │    type: 'integer'             │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Boolean()       │ type T = boolean            │ const T = {                    │
│                                │                             │    type: 'boolean'             │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Null()          │ type T = null               │ const T = {                    │
│                                │                             │    type: 'null'                │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.RegEx(/foo/)    │ type T = string             │ const T = {                    │
│                                │                             │    type: 'string',             │
│                                │                             │    pattern: 'foo'              │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Literal(42)     │ type T = 42                 │ const T = {                    │
│                                │                             │    const: 42                   │
│                                │                             │    type: 'number'              │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Array(          │ type T = number[]           │ const T = {                    │
│    Type.Number()               │                             │    type: 'array',              │
│ )                              │                             │    items: {                    │
│                                │                             │      type: 'number'            │
│                                │                             │    }                           │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Object({        │ type T = {                  │ const T = {                    │
│   x: Type.Number(),            │    x: number,               │   type: 'object',              │
│   y: Type.Number()             │    y: number                │   properties: {                │
│ })                             │ }                           │      x: {                      │
│                                │                             │        type: 'number'          │
│                                │                             │      },                        │
│                                │                             │      y: {                      │
│                                │                             │        type: 'number'          │
│                                │                             │      }                         │
│                                │                             │   },                           │
│                                │                             │   required: ['x', 'y']         │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Tuple([         │ type T = [number, number]   │ const T = {                    │
│   Type.Number(),               │                             │    type: 'array',              │
│   Type.Number()                │                             │    items: [                    │
│ ])                             │                             │       {                        │
│                                │                             │         type: 'number'         │
│                                │                             │       }, {                     │
│                                │                             │         type: 'number'         │
│                                │                             │       }                        │
│                                │                             │    ],                          │
│                                │                             │    additionalItems: false,     │
│                                │                             │    minItems: 2,                │
│                                │                             │    maxItems: 2,                │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ enum Foo {                     │ enum Foo {                  │ const T = {                    │
│   A,                           │   A,                        │   anyOf: [{                    │
│   B                            │   B                         │     type: 'number',            │
│ }                              │ }                           │     const: 0                   │
│                                │                             │   }, {                         │
│ const T = Type.Enum(Foo)       │ type T = Foo                │     type: 'number',            │
│                                │                             │     const: 1                   │
│                                │                             │   }]                           │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.KeyOf(          │ type T = keyof {            │ const T = {                    │
│   Type.Object({                │   x: number,                │    enum: ['x', 'y'],           │
│     x: Type.Number(),          │   y: number                 │    type: 'string'              │
│     y: Type.Number()           │ }                           │ }                              │
│   })                           │                             │                                │
│ )                              │                             │                                │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Union([         │ type T = string | number    │ const T = {                    │
│   Type.String(),               │                             │    anyOf: [{                   │
│   Type.Number()                │                             │       type: 'string'           │
│ ])                             │                             │    }, {                        │
│                                │                             │       type: 'number'           │
│                                │                             │    }]                          │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Intersect([     │ type T = {                  │ const T = {                    │
│    Type.Object({               │    x: number                │    allOf: [{                   │
│       x: Type.Number()         │ } & {                       │       type: 'object',          │
│    }),                         │    y: number                │       properties: {            │
│    Type.Object({               │ }                           │          x: {                  │
│       y: Type.Number()         │                             │            type: 'number'      │
│   })                           │                             │          }                     │
│ })                             │                             │       },                       │
│                                │                             │       required: ['x']          │
│                                │                             │    }, {                        │
│                                │                             │       type: 'object',          │
│                                │                             │       properties: {            │
│                                │                             │          y: {                  │
│                                │                             │            type: 'number'      │
│                                │                             │          }                     │
│                                │                             │       },                       │
│                                │                             │       required: ['y']          │
│                                │                             │    }]                          │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Record(         │ type T = {                  │ const T = {                    │
│    Type.String(),              │    [key: string]: number    │    type: 'object',             │
│    Type.Number()               │ }                           │    patternProperties: {        │
│ )                              │                             │      '^.*$': {                 │
│                                │                             │         type: 'number'         │
│                                │                             │      }                         │
│                                │                             │    }                           │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Partial(        │ type T = Partial<{          │ const T = {                    │
│    Type.Object({               │    x: number,               │   type: 'object',              │
│         x: Type.Number(),      │    y: number                │   properties: {                │
│         y: Type.Number()       | }>                          │     x: {                       │
│    })                          │                             │        type: 'number'          │
│ )                              │                             │     },                         │
│                                │                             │     y: {                       │
│                                │                             │        type: 'number'          │
│                                │                             │     }                          │
│                                │                             │   }                            │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Required(       │ type T = Required<{         │ const T = {                    │
│    Type.Object({               │    x?: number,              │   type: 'object',              │
│       x: Type.Optional(        │    y?: number               │   properties: {                │
│          Type.Number()         | }>                          │     x: {                       │
│       ),                       │                             │        type: 'number'          │
│       y: Type.Optional(        │                             │     },                         │
│          Type.Number()         │                             │     y: {                       │
│       )                        │                             │        type: 'number'          │
│    })                          │                             │     }                          │
│ )                              │                             │   },                           │
│                                │                             │   required: ['x', 'y']         │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Pick(           │ type T = Pick<{             │ const T = {                    │
│    Type.Object({               │    x: number,               │   type: 'object',              │
│       x: Type.Number(),        │    y: number                │   properties: {                │
│       y: Type.Number(),        | }, 'x'>                     │     x: {                       │
│     }), ['x']                  │                             │        type: 'number'          │
│ )                              │                             │     }                          │
│                                │                             │   },                           │
│                                │                             │   required: ['x']              │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Omit(           │ type T = Omit<{             │ const T = {                    │
│    Type.Object({               │    x: number,               │   type: 'object',              │
│       x: Type.Number(),        │    y: number                │   properties: {                │
│       y: Type.Number(),        | }, 'x'>                     │     y: {                       │
│     }), ['x']                  │                             │        type: 'number'          │
│ )                              │                             │     }                          │
│                                │                             │   },                           │
│                                │                             │   required: ['y']              │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
└────────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────────┘

Modifiers

Sidewinder Types provides modifiers that can be applied to an objects properties. This allows for optional and readonly to be applied to that property. The following table illustates how they map between TypeScript and JSON Schema.

┌────────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────────┐
│ Sidewinder Type                │ TypeScript                  │ JSON Schema                    │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Object({        │ type T = {                  │ const T = {                    │
│   name: Type.Optional(         │    name?: string,           │   type: 'object',              │
│      Type.String(),            │ }                           │   properties: {                │
│   )                            │                             │      name: {                   │
│ })  	                         │                             │        type: 'string'          │
│                                │                             │      }                         │
│                                │                             │   }                            │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Object({        │ type T = {                  │ const T = {                    │
│   name: Type.Readonly(         │    readonly name: string,   │   type: 'object',              │
│      Type.String(),            │ }                           │   properties: {                │
│   )                            │                             │      name: {                   │
│ })  	                         │                             │        type: 'string'          │
│                                │                             │      }                         │
│                                │                             │   },                           │
│                                │                             │   required: ['name']           │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Object({        │ type T = {                  │ const T = {                    │
│   name: Type.ReadonlyOptional( │    readonly name?: string,  │   type: 'object',              │
│      Type.String(),            │ }                           │   properties: {                │
│   )                            │                             │      name: {                   │
│ })  	                         │                             │        type: 'string'          │
│                                │                             │      }                         │
│                                │                             │   }                            │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
└────────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────────┘

Options

You can pass additional JSON schema options on the last argument of any given type. The following are some examples.

// string must be an email
const T = Type.String({ format: 'email' })

// number must be a multiple of 2
const T = Type.Number({ multipleOf: 2 })

// array must have at least 5 integer values
const T = Type.Array(Type.Integer(), { minItems: 5 })

Generic Types

Generic types can be created using functions. The following creates a generic Nullable<T> type.

import { Type, Static, TSchema } from '@sidewinder/type'

// type Nullable<T> = T | null

const Nullable = <T extends TSchema>(type: T) => Type.Union([type, Type.Null()])

const T = Nullable(Type.String()) // const T = {
//   "anyOf": [{
//      type: 'string'
//   }, {
//      type: 'null'
//   }]
// }

type T = Static<typeof T> // type T = string | null

const U = Nullable(Type.Number()) // const U = {
//   "anyOf": [{
//      type: 'number'
//   }, {
//      type: 'null'
//   }]
// }

type U = Static<typeof U> // type U = number | null

Reference Types

Types can be referenced with Type.Ref(...). To reference a type, the target type must specify an $id.

const T = Type.String({ $id: 'T' }) // const T = {
//    $id: 'T',
//    type: 'string'
// }

const R = Type.Ref(T) // const R = {
//    $ref: 'T'
// }

It can sometimes be helpful to organize shared referenced types under a common namespace. The Type.Namespace(...) function can be used to create a shared definition container for related types. The following creates a Math3D container and a Vertex structure that references types in the container.

const Math3D = Type.Namespace(
  {
    //  const Math3D = {
    Vector4: Type.Object({
      //    $id: 'Math3D',
      x: Type.Number(), //    $defs: {
      y: Type.Number(), //      Vector4: {
      z: Type.Number(), //        type: 'object',
      w: Type.Number(), //        properties: {
    }), //          x: { type: 'number' },
    Vector3: Type.Object({
      //          y: { type: 'number' },
      x: Type.Number(), //          z: { type: 'number' },
      y: Type.Number(), //          w: { type: 'number' }
      z: Type.Number(), //        },
    }), //        required: ['x', 'y', 'z', 'w']
    Vector2: Type.Object({
      //      },
      x: Type.Number(), //      Vector3: {
      y: Type.Number(), //        type: 'object',
    }), //        properties: {
  },
  { $id: 'Math3D' },
) //          x: { 'type': 'number' },
//          y: { 'type': 'number' },
//          z: { 'type': 'number' }
//        },
//        required: ['x', 'y', 'z']
//      },
//      Vector2: {
//        type: 'object',
//        properties: {
//          x: { 'type': 'number' },
//          y: { 'type': 'number' },
//        },
//        required: ['x', 'y']
//      }
//    }
//  }

const Vertex = Type.Object({
  //  const Vertex = {
  position: Type.Ref(Math3D, 'Vector4'), //    type: 'object',
  normal: Type.Ref(Math3D, 'Vector3'), //    properties: {
  uv: Type.Ref(Math3D, 'Vector2'), //      position: { $ref: 'Math3D#/$defs/Vector4' },
}) //      normal: { $ref: 'Math3D#/$defs/Vector3' },
//      uv: { $ref: 'Math3D#/$defs/Vector2' }
//    },
//    required: ['position', 'normal', 'uv']
//  }

Recursive Types

Recursive types can be created with the Type.Rec(...) function. The following creates a Node type that contains an array of inner Nodes. Note that due to current restrictions on TypeScript inference, it is not possible for Sidewinder Types to statically infer for recursive types. Sidewinder Types will infer the inner recursive type as any.

const Node = Type.Rec(
  (Self) =>
    Type.Object({
      // const Node = {
      id: Type.String(), //   $id: 'Node',
      nodes: Type.Array(Self), //   $ref: 'Node#/$defs/self',
    }),
  { $id: 'Node' },
) //   $defs: {
//     self: {
//       type: 'object',
//       properties: {
//         id: {
//           type: 'string'
//         },
//         nodes: {
//            type: 'array',
//            items: {
//              $ref: 'Node#/$defs/self'
//            }
//         }
//      }
//    }
// }

type Node = Static<typeof Node> // type Node = {
//   id: string
//   nodes: any[]
// }

function visit(node: Node) {
  for (const inner of node.nodes) {
    visit(inner as Node) // Assert inner as Node
  }
}

Extended Types

In addition to JSON schema types, Sidewinder Types provides several extended types that allow for function and constructor types to be composed. These additional types are not valid JSON Schema and will not validate using typical JSON Schema validation. However, these types can be used to frame JSON schema and describe callable interfaces that may receive JSON validated data. These types are as follows.

┌────────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────────┐
│ Sidewinder Type                │ TypeScript                  │ Extended Schema                │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Constructor([   │ type T = new (              │ const T = {                    │
│    Type.String(),              │  arg0: string,              │   type: 'constructor'          │
│    Type.Number(),              │  arg1: number               │   arguments: [{                │
│ ], Type.Boolean())             │ ) => boolean                │      type: 'string'            │
│                                │                             │   }, {                         │
│                                │                             │      type: 'number'            │
│                                │                             │   }],                          │
│                                │                             │   returns: {                   │
│                                │                             │      type: 'boolean'           │
│                                │                             │   }                            │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Function([      │ type T = (                  │ const T = {                    │
|    Type.String(),              │  arg0: string,              │   type : 'function',           │
│    Type.Number(),              │  arg1: number               │   arguments: [{                │
│ ], Type.Boolean())             │ ) => boolean                │      type: 'string'            │
│                                │                             │   }, {                         │
│                                │                             │      type: 'number'            │
│                                │                             │   }],                          │
│                                │                             │   returns: {                   │
│                                │                             │      type: 'boolean'           │
│                                │                             │   }                            │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Promise(        │ type T = Promise<string>    │ const T = {                    │
│    Type.String()               │                             │   type: 'promise',             │
│ )                              │                             │   item: {                      │
│                                │                             │      type: 'string'            │
│                                │                             │   }                            │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Undefined()     │ type T = undefined          │ const T = {                    │
│                                │                             │   type: 'undefined'            │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Uint8Array()    │ type T = Uint8Array         │ const T = {                    │
│                                │                             │   type: 'object',              │
│                                │                             │   specialized: 'Uint8Array'    │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
├────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│ const T = Type.Void()          │ type T = void               │ const T = {                    │
│                                │                             │   type: 'null'                 │
│                                │                             │ }                              │
│                                │                             │                                │
└────────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────────┘