@sanity/client

JavaScript client for Sanity. Works in modern browsers, as well as runtimes like Node.js, Bun, Deno, and Edge Runtime

QuickStart

Install the client with a package manager:

npm install @sanity/client

Import and create a new client instance, and use its methods to interact with your project's Content Lake. Below are some simple examples in plain JavaScript. Read further for more comprehensive documentation.

// sanity.js
import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'
// Import using ESM URL imports in environments that supports it:
// import {createClient} from 'https://esm.sh/@sanity/client'

export const client = createClient({
  projectId: 'your-project-id',
  dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
  useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
  apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
  // token: process.env.SANITY_SECRET_TOKEN // Needed for certain operations like updating content or accessing previewDrafts perspective
})

// uses GROQ to query content: https://www.sanity.io/docs/groq
export async function getPosts() {
  const posts = await client.fetch('*[_type == "post"]')
  return posts
}

export async function createPost(post: Post) {
  const result = client.create(post)
  return result
}

export async function updateDocumentTitle(_id, title) {
  const result = client.patch(_id).set({title})
  return result
}

Table of contents

• QuickStart
• Requirements
• Installation
• API
  • Creating a client instance
    • ESM
    • CommonJS
    • TypeScript
    • Next.js App Router
    • Bun
    • Deno
    • Edge Runtime
    • Browser ESM CDN
    • UMD
  • Specifying API version
  • Request tags
  • Performing queries
  • Using perspectives
    • published
    • previewDrafts
  • Fetching Content Source Maps
    • Using Visual editing with steganography
    • Creating Studio edit intent links
  • Listening to queries
  • Fetch a single document
  • Fetch multiple documents in one go
  • Creating documents
  • Creating/replacing documents
  • Creating if not already present
  • Patch/update a document
  • Setting a field only if not already present
  • Removing/unsetting fields
  • Incrementing/decrementing numbers
  • Patch a document only if revision matches
  • Adding elements to an array
  • Appending/prepending elements to an array
  • Deleting an element from an array
  • Delete documents
  • Multiple mutations in a transaction
  • Clientless patches & transactions
  • Uploading assets
    • Examples: Uploading assets from Node.js
    • Examples: Uploading assets from the Browser
    • Examples: Specify image metadata to extract
  • Deleting an asset
  • Mutation options
  • Aborting a request
    • 1. Abort a request by passing an AbortSignal with the request options
    • 2. Cancel a request by unsubscribing from the Observable
  • Get client configuration
  • Set client configuration
  • Actions
    • Action options
    • Create Action
    • Delete Action
    • Discard Action
    • Edit Action
    • Publish Action
    • ReplaceDraft Action
    • Unpublish Action
• License
• From v5
  • The default useCdn is changed to true
• From v4
  • No longer shipping ES5
  • Node.js v12 no longer supported
  • The default export is replaced with the named export createClient
  • client.assets.delete is removed
  • client.assets.getImageUrl is removed, replace with @sanity/image-url
  • SanityClient static properties moved to named exports
  • client.clientConfig is removed, replace with client.config()
  • client.isPromiseAPI() is removed, replace with an instanceof check
  • client.observable.isObservableAPI() is removed, replace with an instanceof check
  • client._requestObservable is removed, replace with client.observable.request
  • client._dataRequest is removed, replace with client.dataRequest
  • client._create_ is removed, replace with one of client.create, client.createIfNotExists or client.createOrReplace
  • client.patch.replace is removed, replace with client.createOrReplace
  • client.auth is removed, replace with client.request

Requirements

Sanity Client transpiles syntax for modern browsers. The JavaScript runtime must support ES6 features such as class, rest parameters, spread syntax and more. Most modern web frameworks, browsers, and developer tooling supports ES6 today.

For legacy ES5 environments we recommend v4.

Installation

The client can be installed from npm:

npm install @sanity/client

# Alternative package managers
yarn add @sanity/client
pnpm install @sanity/client

API

Creating a client instance

const client = createClient(options)

Initializes a new Sanity Client. Required options are projectId, dataset, and apiVersion. We encourage setting useCdn to either true or false. The default is true. If you're not sure which option to choose we recommend starting with true and revise later if you find that you require uncached content. Our awesome Slack community can help guide you on how to avoid stale data tailored to your tech stack and architecture.

ESM

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'

const client = createClient({
  projectId: 'your-project-id',
  dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
  useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
  apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
})

const data = await client.fetch(`count(*)`)
console.log(`Number of documents: ${data}`)

CommonJS

const {createClient} = require('@sanity/client')

const client = createClient({
  projectId: 'your-project-id',
  dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
  useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
  apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
})

client
  .fetch(`count(*)`)
  .then((data) => console.log(`Number of documents: ${data}`))
  .catch(console.error)

TypeScript

import {createClient, type ClientConfig} from '@sanity/client'

const config: ClientConfig = {
  projectId: 'your-project-id',
  dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
  useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
  apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
}
const client = createClient(config)

const data = await client.fetch<number>(`count(*)`)
// data is typed as `number`
console.log(`Number of documents: ${data}`)

We're currently exploring typed GROQ queries that are runtime safe, and will share more when we've landed on a solution we're satisifed with. Until then you can achieve this using Zod:

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'
import {z} from 'zod'

const client = createClient({
  projectId: 'your-project-id',
  dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
  useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
  apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
})

const schema = z.number()
const data = schema.parse(await client.fetch(`count(*)`))
// data is guaranteed to be `number`, or zod will throw an error
console.log(`Number of documents: ${data}`)

Another alternative is groqd.

Next.js App Router

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'

const client = createClient({
  projectId: 'your-project-id',
  dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
  useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
  apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
})

export default async function ReactServerComponent() {
  const data = await client.fetch<number>(
    `count(*[_type == "page"])`,
    {},
    {
      // You can set any of the `cache` and `next` options as you would on a standard `fetch` call
      cache: 'force-cache',
      next: {tags: ['pages']},
    },
  )

  return <h1>Number of pages: {data}</h1>
}

The cache and next options are documented in the Next.js documentation. Since request memoization is supported it's unnecessary to use the React.cache API. To opt-out of memoization, set the signal property:

const {signal} = new AbortController()
// By passing `signal` this request will not be memoized and `now()` will execute for every React Server Component that runs this query
const data = await client.fetch<number>(`{"dynamic": now()}`, {}, {signal})

Bun

bun init
bun add @sanity/client
open index.ts

// index.ts
import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'

const client = createClient({
  projectId: 'your-project-id',
  dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
  useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
  apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
})

const data = await client.fetch<number>(`count(*)`)

console.write(`Number of documents: ${data}`)

bun run index.ts
# Number of documents ${number}

Deno

deno init
open main.ts

// main.ts
import {createClient} from 'https://esm.sh/@sanity/client'

const client = createClient({
  projectId: 'your-project-id',
  dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
  useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
  apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
})

const data = await client.fetch<number>(`count(*)`)

console.log(`Number of documents: ${data}`)

deno run --allow-net --allow-env main.ts
# Number of documents ${number}

Edge Runtime

npm install next

// pages/api/total.ts
import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'
import type {NextRequest} from 'next/server'

export const config = {
  runtime: 'edge',
}

export default async function handler(req: NextRequest) {
  const client = createClient({
    projectId: 'your-project-id',
    dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
    useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
    apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
  })

  const count = await client.fetch<number>(`count(*)`)
  return new Response(JSON.stringify({count}), {
    status: 200,
    headers: {
      'content-type': 'application/json',
    },
  })
}

npx next dev
# Open http://localhost:3000/api/total
# {"count": number}

Browser ESM CDN

Using esm.sh you can either load the client using a <script type="module"> tag:

<script type="module">
  import {createClient} from 'https://esm.sh/@sanity/client'

  const client = createClient({
    projectId: 'your-project-id',
    dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
    useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
    apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
  })

  const data = await client.fetch(`count(*)`)
  document.getElementById('results').innerText = `Number of documents: ${data}`
</script>
<div id="results"></div>

Or from anywhere using a dynamic import():

// You can run this snippet from your browser DevTools console.
// Super handy when you're quickly testing out queries.
const {createClient} = await import('https://esm.sh/@sanity/client')
const client = createClient({
  projectId: 'your-project-id',
  dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
  useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
  apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
})

const data = await client.fetch(`count(*)`)
console.log(`Number of documents: ${data}`)

UMD

Loading the UMD script creates a SanityClient global that have the same exports as import * as SanityClient from '@sanity/client':

<script src="https://unpkg.com/@sanity/client"></script>
<!-- Unminified build for debugging -->
<!--<script src="https://unpkg.com/@sanity/client/umd/sanityClient.js"></script>-->
<script>
  const {createClient} = SanityClient

  const client = createClient({
    projectId: 'your-project-id',
    dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
    useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
    apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
  })

  client.fetch(`count(*)`).then((data) => console.log(`Number of documents: ${data}`))
</script>

The require-unpkg library lets you consume npm packages from unpkg.com similar to how esm.sh lets you import() anything:

<div id="results"></div>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/require-unpkg"></script>
<script>
  ;(async () => {
    // const {createClient} = await require('@sanity/client')
    const [$, {createClient}] = await require(['jquery', '@sanity/client'])

    const client = createClient({
      projectId: 'your-project-id',
      dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
      useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
      apiVersion: '2023-05-03', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
    })

    const data = await client.fetch(`count(*)`)
    $('#results').text(`Number of documents: ${data}`)
  })()
</script>

Specifying API version

Sanity uses ISO dates (YYYY-MM-DD) in UTC timezone for versioning. The explanation for this can be found in the documentation

In general, unless you know what API version you want to use, you'll want to statically set it to today's UTC date when starting a new project. By doing this, you'll get all the latest bugfixes and features, while locking the API to prevent breaking changes.

Note: Do not be tempted to use a dynamic value for the apiVersion. The reason for setting a static value is to prevent unexpected, breaking changes.

In future versions, specifying an API version will be required. For now (to maintain backwards compatiblity) not specifying a version will trigger a deprecation warning and fall back to using v1.

Request tags

Request tags are values assigned to API and CDN requests that can be used to filter and aggregate log data within request logs from your Sanity Content Lake.

Sanity Client has out-of-the-box support for tagging every API and CDN request on two levels:

• Globally: Using the requestTagPrefix client configuration parameter
• Per Request: Pass the tag option to the SDK’s Request method.

The following example will result in a query with tag=website.landing-page:

const client = createClient({
  projectId: '<project>',
  dataset: '<dataset>',
  useCdn: true,
  apiVersion: '2024-01-24',
  requestTagPrefix: 'website', // Added to every request
})

const posts = await client.fetch('*[_type == "post"]', {
  tag: `index-page`, // Appended to requestTagPrefix for this individual request
})

Performing queries

const query = '*[_type == "bike" && seats >= $minSeats] {name, seats}'
const params = {minSeats: 2}

client.fetch(query, params).then((bikes) => {
  console.log('Bikes with more than one seat:')
  bikes.forEach((bike) => {
    console.log(`${bike.name} (${bike.seats} seats)`)
  })
})

client.fetch(query, params = {})

Perform a query using the given parameters (if any).

Using perspectives

The perspective option can be used to specify special filtering behavior for queries. The default value is raw, which means no special filtering is applied, while published and previewDrafts can be used to optimize for specific use cases.

published

Useful for when you want to be sure that draft documents are not returned in production. Pairs well with private datasets.

With a dataset that looks like this:

[
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "ecfef291-60f0-4609-bbfc-263d11a48c43",
    "name": "George Martin"
  },
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "drafts.ecfef291-60f0-4609-bbfc-263d11a48c43",
    "name": "George R.R. Martin"
  },
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "drafts.f4898efe-92c4-4dc0-9c8c-f7480aef17e2",
    "name": "Stephen King"
  }
]

And a query like this:

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'

const client = createClient({
  ...config,
  useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
  perspective: 'published',
})

const authors = await client.fetch('*[_type == "author"]')

Then authors will only contain documents that don't have a drafts. prefix in their _id, in this case just "George Martin":

[
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "ecfef291-60f0-4609-bbfc-263d11a48c43",
    "name": "George Martin"
  }
]

previewDrafts

Designed to help answer the question "What is our app going to look like after all the draft documents are published?".

Given a dataset like this:

[
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "ecfef291-60f0-4609-bbfc-263d11a48c43",
    "name": "George Martin"
  },
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "drafts.ecfef291-60f0-4609-bbfc-263d11a48c43",
    "name": "George R.R. Martin"
  },
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "drafts.f4898efe-92c4-4dc0-9c8c-f7480aef17e2",
    "name": "Stephen King"
  },
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "6b3792d2-a9e8-4c79-9982-c7e89f2d1e75",
    "name": "Terry Pratchett"
  }
]

And a query like this:

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'

const client = createClient({
  ...config,
  useCdn: false, // the `previewDrafts` perspective requires this to be `false`
  perspective: 'previewDrafts',
})

const authors = await client.fetch('*[_type == "author"]')

Then authors will look like this. Note that the result dedupes documents with a preference for the draft version:

[
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "ecfef291-60f0-4609-bbfc-263d11a48c43",
    "_originalId": "drafts.ecfef291-60f0-4609-bbfc-263d11a48c43",
    "name": "George R.R. Martin"
  },
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "f4898efe-92c4-4dc0-9c8c-f7480aef17e2",
    "_originalId": "drafts.f4898efe-92c4-4dc0-9c8c-f7480aef17e2",
    "name": "Stephen King"
  },
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "6b3792d2-a9e8-4c79-9982-c7e89f2d1e75",
    "_originalId": "6b3792d2-a9e8-4c79-9982-c7e89f2d1e75",
    "name": "Terry Pratchett"
  }
]

Since the query simulates what the result will be after publishing the drafts, the _id doesn't contain the drafts. prefix. If you want to check if a document is a draft or not you can use the _originalId field, which is only available when using the previewDrafts perspective.

const authors = await client.fetch(`*[_type == "author"]{..., "status": select(
  _originalId in path("drafts.**") => "draft",
  "published"
)}`)

Which changes the result to be:

[
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "ecfef291-60f0-4609-bbfc-263d11a48c43",
    "_originalId": "drafts.ecfef291-60f0-4609-bbfc-263d11a48c43",
    "name": "George R.R. Martin",
    "status": "draft"
  },
  {
    "_type": "author",
    "_id": "f4898efe-92c4-4dc0-9c8c-f7480aef17e2",
    "_originalId": "f4898efe-92c4-4dc0-9c8c-f7480aef17e2",
    "name": "Stephen King",
    "status": "published"
  }
]

Fetching Content Source Maps

Content Source Maps annotate fragments in your query results with metadata about its origin: the field, document, and dataset it originated from.

[!IMPORTANT]

Content Source Maps are supported in the Content Lake API versions 2021-03-25 and later.

Before diving in, review the Content Source Maps introduction and keep the Content Source Maps reference within reach for a quick lookup.

Enabling Content Source Maps is a two-step process:

1. Update your client configuration with resultSourceMap.

   import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'
   
   const client = createClient({
     projectId: 'your-project-id',
     dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
     useCdn: true, // set to `false` to bypass the edge cache
     apiVersion: '2021-03-25', // use current date (YYYY-MM-DD) to target the latest API version
     resultSourceMap: true, // tells the API to start sending source maps, if available
   })

2. On client.fetch calls add {filterResponse: false} to return the full response on queries.

   // Before
   // const result = await client.fetch(query, params)
   
   // After adding `filterResponse: false`
   const {result, resultSourceMap} = await client.fetch(query, params, {filterResponse: false})
   // Build something cool with the source map
   console.log(resultSourceMap)

If your apiVersion is 2021-03-25 or later, the resultSourceMap property will always exist in the response after enabling it. If there is no source map, resultSourceMap is an empty object. This is the corresponding TypeScript definition:

import type {ContentSourceMapping} from '@sanity/client'

const {result, resultSourceMap} = await client.fetch(query, params, {filterResponse: false})

function useContentSourceMap(resultSourceMap: ContentSourceMapping): unknown {
  // Sky's the limit
}

useContentSourceMap(resultSourceMap)

Using Visual editing with steganography

A turnkey integration with Visual editing is available in [@sanity/client], with additional utils available on [@sanity/client/stega]. It creates edit intent links for all the string values in your query result, using steganography under the hood. The code that handles stega is lazy loaded on demand when client.fetch is called, if client.config().stega.enabled is true.

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'

const client = createClient({
  // ...base config options
  stega: {
    // If you use Vercel Visual Editing, we recommend enabling it for Preview deployments
    enabled: process.env.VERCEL_ENV === 'preview',
    // Required: Set it to the relative or absolute URL of your Sanity Studio instance
    studioUrl: '/studio', // or 'https://your-project-name.sanity.studio'
    // To resolve Cross Dataset References, pass a function returning a URL
    studioUrl: (sourceDocument: ContentSourceMapDocument | ContentSourceMapRemoteDocument) => {
      // If `sourceDocument` has a projectId and a dataset, then it's a Cross Dataset Reference
      if (source._projectId && source._dataset) {
        return 'https://acme-global.sanity.studio'
      }
      return 'https://acme-store.sanity.studio'
    },
    // If your Studio has Workspaces: https://www.sanity.io/docs/workspaces
    // and if your Cross Dataset References are available in a workspace, you can return an object to let the client set up the URL
    studioUrl: (sourceDocument) => {
      // This organization has a single studio with everything organized in workspaces
      const baseUrl = 'https://acme.sanity.studio'
      // If `sourceDocument` has a projectId and a dataset, then it's a Cross Dataset Reference
      if (source._projectId && source._dataset) {
        return {baseUrl, workspace: 'global'}
      }
      return {baseUrl, workspace: 'store'}
    },

    // Optional, to control which fields have stega payloads
    filter: (props) => {
      const {resultPath, sourcePath, sourceDocument, value} = props
      if (sourcePath[0] === 'externalurl') {
        return false
      }
      // The default behavior is packaged into `filterDefault`, allowing you to enable encoding fields that are skipped by default
      return props.filterDefault(props)
    },

    // Optional, to log what's encoded and what isn't
    // logger: console,
  },
})

// Disable on demand
client.config({stega: {enabled: false}})

// New client with different stega settings
const debugClient = client.withConfig({
  stega: {studioUrl: 'https://your-project-name.sanity.studio', logger: console},
})

Removing stega from part of the result, available on [@sanity/client/stega]:

import {stegaClean} from '@sanity/client/stega'
const result = await client.fetch('*[_type == "video"][0]')

// Remove stega from the payload sent to a third party library
const videoAsset = stegaClean(result.videoAsset)

Creating Studio edit intent links

If you want to create an edit link to something that isn't a string, or a field that isn't rendered directly, like a slug used in a URL but not rendered on the page, you can use the resolveEditUrl function.

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'
import {resolveEditUrl} from '@sanity/client/csm'

const client = createClient({
  // ... standard client config
  // Required: the new 'withKeyArraySelector' option is used here instead of 'true' so that links to array items and portable text are stable even if the array is reordered
  resultSourceMap: 'withKeyArraySelector',
})
const {result, resultSourceMap} = await client.fetch(
  `*[_type == "author" && slug.current == $slug][0]{name, pictures}`,
  {slug: 'john-doe'},
  // Required, otherwise you can't access `resultSourceMap`
  {filterResponse: false},
)

// The `result` looks like this:
const result = {
  name: 'John Doe',
  pictures: [
    {
      _type: 'image',
      alt: 'A picture of exactly what you think someone named John Doe would look like',
      _key: 'cee5fbb69da2',
      asset: {
        _ref: 'image-a75b03fdd5b5fa36947bf2b776a542e0c940f682-1000x1500-jpg',
        _type: 'reference',
      },
    },
  ],
}

const studioUrl = 'https://your-project-name.sanity.studio'

resolveEditUrl({
  // The URL resolver requires the base URL of your Sanity Studio instance
  studioUrl,
  // It also requires a Content Source Map for the query result you want to create an edit intent link for
  resultSourceMap,
  // The path to the field you want to edit. You can pass a string
  resultPath: 'pictures[0].alt',
  // or an array of segments
  resultPath: ['pictures', 0, 'alt'],
})
// ^? 'https://your-project-name.sanity.studio/intent/edit/mode=presentation;id=462efcc6-3c8b-47c6-8474-5544e1a4acde;type=author;path=pictures[_key=="cee5fbb69da2"].alt'

Listening to queries

const query = '*[_type == "comment" && authorId != $ownerId]'
const params = {ownerId: 'bikeOwnerUserId'}

const subscription = client.listen(query, params).subscribe((update) => {
  const comment = update.result
  console.log(`${comment.author} commented: ${comment.text}`)
})

// to unsubscribe later on
subscription.unsubscribe()

client.listen(query, params = {}, options = {includeResult: true})

Open a query that listens for updates on matched documents, using the given parameters (if any). The return value is an RxJS Observable. When calling .subscribe() on the returned observable, a subscription is returned, and this can be used to unsubscribe from the query later on by calling subscription.unsubscribe()

The update events which are emitted always contain mutation, which is an object containing the mutation which triggered the document to appear as part of the query.

By default, the emitted update event will also contain a result property, which contains the document with the mutation applied to it. In case of a delete mutation, this property will not be present, however. You can also tell the client not to return the document (to save bandwidth, or in cases where the mutation or the document ID is the only relevant factor) by setting the includeResult property to false in the options.

Likewise, you can also have the client return the document before the mutation was applied, by setting includePreviousRevision to true in the options, which will include a previous property in each emitted object.

If it's not relevant to know what mutations that was applied, you can also set includeMutation to false in the options, which will save some additional bandwidth by omitting the mutation property from the received events.

Fetch a single document

This will fetch a document from the Doc endpoint. This endpoint cuts through any caching/indexing middleware that may involve delayed processing. As it is less scalable/performant than the other query mechanisms, it should be used sparingly. Performing a query is usually a better option.

client.getDocument('bike-123').then((bike) => {
  console.log(`${bike.name} (${bike.seats} seats)`)
})

Fetch multiple documents in one go

This will fetch multiple documents in one request from the Doc endpoint. This endpoint cuts through any caching/indexing middleware that may involve delayed processing. As it is less scalable/performant than the other query mechanisms, it should be used sparingly. Performing a query is usually a better option.

client.getDocuments(['bike123', 'bike345']).then(([bike123, bike345]) => {
  console.log(`Bike 123: ${bike123.name} (${bike123.seats} seats)`)
  console.log(`Bike 345: ${bike345.name} (${bike345.seats} seats)`)
})

Note: Unlike in the HTTP API, the order/position of documents is preserved based on the original array of IDs. If any of the documents are missing, they will be replaced by a null entry in the returned array:

const ids = ['bike123', 'nonexistent-document', 'bike345']
client.getDocuments(ids).then((docs) => {
  // the docs array will be:
  // [{_id: 'bike123', ...}, null, {_id: 'bike345', ...}]
})

Listening to live content updates

[!NOTE]

Live Content is experimental and requires your client config to be set up with apiVersion: 'vX'.

// Subscribe to live updates
const subscription = client.live.events().subscribe((event) => {
  // Check if incoming tags match saved sync tags
  if (event.type === 'message' && event.tags.some((tag) => syncTags.includes(tag))) {
    // Refetch with ID to get latest data
    render(event.id)
  }
  if (event.type === 'restart') {
    // A restart event is sent when the `lastLiveEventId` we've been given earlier is no longer usable
    render()
  }
})
// Later, unsubscribe when no longer needed (such as on unmount)
// subscription.unsubscribe()

client.live.events(options)

Listen to live content updates. Returns an RxJS Observable. When calling .subscribe() on the returned observable, a subscription is returned, which can be used to unsubscribe from the events later on by calling subscription.unsubscribe().

The options object can contain the following properties:

• includeDrafts (boolean) - Whether to include draft documents in the events. Default is false. Note: This is an experimental API and may change or be removed.
• tag (string) - Optional request tag for the listener. Use to identify the request in logs.

The method will emit different types of events:

• message: Regular event messages.
• restart: Emitted when the event stream restarts.
• reconnect: Emitted when the client reconnects to the event stream.
• welcome: Emitted when the client successfully connects to the event stream.

To listen to updates in draft content, set includeDrafts to true and configure the client with a token or withCredentials: true. The token should have the lowest possible access role.

Creating documents

const doc = {
  _type: 'bike',
  name: 'Sanity Tandem Extraordinaire',
  seats: 2,
}

client.create(doc).then((res) => {
  console.log(`Bike was created, document ID is ${res._id}`)
})

client.create(doc) client.create(doc, mutationOptions)

Create a document. Argument is a plain JS object representing the document. It must contain a _type attribute. It may contain an _id. If an ID is not specified, it will automatically be created.

To create a draft document, prefix the document ID with drafts. - eg _id: 'drafts.myDocumentId'. To auto-generate a draft document ID, set _id to drafts. (nothing after the .).

Creating/replacing documents

const doc = {
  _id: 'my-bike',
  _type: 'bike',
  name: 'Sanity Tandem Extraordinaire',
  seats: 2,
}

client.createOrReplace(doc).then((res) => {
  console.log(`Bike was created, document ID is ${res._id}`)
})

client.createOrReplace(doc) client.createOrReplace(doc, mutationOptions)

If you are not sure whether or not a document exists but want to overwrite it if it does, you can use the createOrReplace() method. When using this method, the document must contain an _id attribute.

Creating if not already present

const doc = {
  _id: 'my-bike',
  _type: 'bike',
  name: 'Sanity Tandem Extraordinaire',
  seats: 2,
}

client.createIfNotExists(doc).then((res) => {
  console.log('Bike was created (or was already present)')
})

client.createIfNotExists(doc) client.createIfNotExists(doc, mutationOptions)

If you want to create a document if it does not already exist, but fall back without error if it does, you can use the createIfNotExists() method. When using this method, the document must contain an _id attribute.

Patch/update a document

client
  .patch('bike-123') // Document ID to patch
  .set({inStock: false}) // Shallow merge
  .inc({numSold: 1}) // Increment field by count
  .commit() // Perform the patch and return a promise
  .then((updatedBike) => {
    console.log('Hurray, the bike is updated! New document:')
    console.log(updatedBike)
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Oh no, the update failed: ', err.message)
  })

Modify a document. patch takes a document ID. set merges the partialDoc with the stored document. inc increments the given field with the given numeric value. commit executes the given patch. Returns the updated object.

client.patch()
  [operations]
  .commit(mutationOptions)

Setting a field only if not already present

client.patch('bike-123').setIfMissing({title: 'Untitled bike'}).commit()

Removing/unsetting fields

client.patch('bike-123').unset(['title', 'price']).commit()

Incrementing/decrementing numbers

client
  .patch('bike-123')
  .inc({price: 88, numSales: 1}) // Increment `price` by 88, `numSales` by 1
  .dec({inStock: 1}) // Decrement `inStock` by 1
  .commit()

Patch a document only if revision matches

You can use the ifRevisionId(rev) method to specify that you only want the patch to be applied if the stored document matches a given revision.

client
  .patch('bike-123')
  .ifRevisionId('previously-known-revision')
  .set({title: 'Little Red Tricycle'})
  .commit()

Adding elements to an array

The patch operation insert takes a location (before, after or replace), a path selector and an array of elements to insert.

client
  .patch('bike-123')
  // Ensure that the `reviews` arrays exists before attempting to add items to it
  .setIfMissing({reviews: []})
  // Add the items after the last item in the array (append)
  .insert('after', 'reviews[-1]', [{title: 'Great bike!', stars: 5}])
  .commit({
    // Adds a `_key` attribute to array items, unique within the array, to
    // ensure it can be addressed uniquely in a real-time collaboration context
    autoGenerateArrayKeys: true,
  })

Appending/prepending elements to an array

The operations of appending and prepending to an array are so common that they have been given their own methods for better readability:

client
  .patch('bike-123')
  .setIfMissing({reviews: []})
  .append('reviews', [{title: 'Great bike!', stars: 5}])
  .commit({autoGenerateArrayKeys: true})

Deleting an element from an array

Each entry in the unset array can be either an attribute or a JSON path.

In this example, we remove the first review and the review with _key: 'abc123' from the bike.reviews array:

const reviewsToRemove = ['reviews[0]', 'reviews[_key=="abc123"]']
client.patch('bike-123').unset(reviewsToRemove).commit()

Delete documents

A single document can be deleted by specifying a document ID:

client.delete(docId) client.delete(docId, mutationOptions)

client
  .delete('bike-123')
  .then(() => {
    console.log('Bike deleted')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Delete failed: ', err.message)
  })

One or more documents can be deleted by specifying a GROQ query (and optionally, params):

client.delete({ query: "GROQ query", params: { key: value } })

// Without params
client
  .delete({query: '*[_type == "bike"][0]'})
  .then(() => {
    console.log('The document matching *[_type == "bike"][0] was deleted')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Delete failed: ', err.message)
  })

// With params
client
  .delete({query: '*[_type == $type][0..1]', params: {type: 'bike'}})
  .then(() => {
    console.log('The documents matching *[_type == "bike"][0..1] was deleted')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Delete failed: ', err.message)
  })

Multiple mutations in a transaction

const namePatch = client.patch('bike-310').set({name: 'A Bike To Go'})

client
  .transaction()
  .create({name: 'Sanity Tandem Extraordinaire', seats: 2})
  .delete('bike-123')
  .patch(namePatch)
  .commit()
  .then((res) => {
    console.log('Whole lot of stuff just happened')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Transaction failed: ', err.message)
  })

client.transaction().create(doc).delete(docId).patch(patch).commit()

Create a transaction to perform chained mutations.

client
  .transaction()
  .create({name: 'Sanity Tandem Extraordinaire', seats: 2})
  .patch('bike-123', (p) => p.set({inStock: false}))
  .commit()
  .then((res) => {
    console.log('Bike created and a different bike is updated')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Transaction failed: ', err.message)
  })

client.transaction().create(doc).patch(docId, p => p.set(partialDoc)).commit()

A patch can be performed inline on a transaction.

Clientless patches & transactions

Transactions and patches can also be built outside the scope of a client:

import {createClient, Patch, Transaction} from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient({
  projectId: 'your-project-id',
  dataset: 'bikeshop',
})

// Patches:
const patch = new Patch('<documentId>')
client.mutate(patch.inc({count: 1}).unset(['visits']))

// Transactions:
const transaction = new Transaction().create({_id: '123', name: 'FooBike'}).delete('someDocId')

client.mutate(transaction)

const patch = new Patch(docId)

const transaction = new Transaction()

An important note on this approach is that you cannot call commit() on transactions or patches instantiated this way, instead you have to pass them to client.mutate()

Actions

The Actions API provides a new interface for creating, updating and publishing documents. It is a wrapper around the Actions API.

This API is only available from API version v2024-05-23.

Action options

The following options are available for actions, and can be applied as the second argument to action().

• transactionId: If set, this ID is as transaction ID for the action instead of using an autogenerated one.
• dryRun (true|false) - default false. If true, the mutation will be a dry run - the response will be identical to the one returned had this property been omitted or false (including error responses) but no documents will be affected.
• skipCrossDatasetReferenceValidation (true|false) - default false. If true, the mutation will be skipped validation of cross dataset references. This is useful when you are creating a document that references a document in a different dataset, and you want to skip the validation to avoid an error.

Create Action

A document draft can be created by specifying a create action type:

client
  .action(
    {
      actionType: 'sanity.action.document.create',
      publishedId: 'bike-123',
      attributes: {name: 'Sanity Tandem Extraordinaire', _type: 'bike', seats: 1},
      ifExists: 'fail',
    },
    actionOptions,
  )
  .then(() => {
    console.log('Bike draft created')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Create draft failed: ', err.message)
  })

Delete Action

A published document can be deleted by specifying a delete action type, optionally including some drafts:

client
  .action(
    {
      actionType: 'sanity.action.document.delete',
      publishedId: 'bike-123',
      includeDrafts: ['draft.bike-123'],
    },
    actionOptions,
  )
  .then(() => {
    console.log('Bike deleted')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Delete failed: ', err.message)
  })

Discard Action

A draft document can be deleted by specifying a discard action type:

client
  .action(
    {
      actionType: 'sanity.action.document.discard',
      draftId: 'draft.bike-123',
    },
    actionOptions,
  )
  .then(() => {
    console.log('Bike draft deleted')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Discard failed: ', err.message)
  })

Edit Action

A patch can be applied to an existing document draft or create a new one by specifying an edit action type:

client
  .action(
    {
      actionType: 'sanity.action.document.edit',
      publishedId: 'bike-123',
      attributes: {name: 'Sanity Tandem Extraordinaire', _type: 'bike', seats: 2},
    },
    actionOptions,
  )
  .then(() => {
    console.log('Bike draft edited')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Edit draft failed: ', err.message)
  })

Publish Action

A draft document can be published by specifying a publish action type, optionally with revision ID checks:

client
  .action(
    {
      actionType: 'sanity.action.document.publish',
      draftId: 'draft.bike-123',
      ifDraftRevisionId: '<previously-known-revision>',
      publishedId: 'bike-123',
      ifPublishedRevisionId: '<previously-known-revision>',
    },
    actionOptions,
  )
  .then(() => {
    console.log('Bike draft published')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Publish draft failed: ', err.message)
  })

ReplaceDraft Action

An existing document draft can be deleted and replaced by a new one by specifying a replaceDraft action type:

client
  .action(
    {
      actionType: 'sanity.action.document.replaceDraft',
      publishedId: 'bike-123',
      attributes: {name: 'Sanity Tandem Extraordinaire', _type: 'bike', seats: 1},
    },
    actionOptions,
  )
  .then(() => {
    console.log('Bike draft replaced')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Replace draft failed: ', err.message)
  })

Unpublish Action

A published document can be retracted by specifying an unpublish action type:

client
  .action(
    {
      actionType: 'sanity.action.document.unpublish',
      draftId: 'draft.bike-123',
      publishedId: 'bike-123',
    },
    actionOptions,
  )
  .then(() => {
    console.log('Bike draft unpublished')
  })
  .catch((err) => {
    console.error('Unpublish draft failed: ', err.message)
  })

Uploading assets

Assets can be uploaded using the client.assets.upload(...) method.

client.assets.upload(type: 'file' | image', body: File | Blob | Buffer | NodeJS.ReadableStream, options = {}): Promise<AssetDocument>

👉 Read more about assets in Sanity

Examples: Uploading assets from Node.js

// Upload a file from the file system
client.assets
  .upload('file', fs.createReadStream('myFile.txt'), {filename: 'myFile.txt'})
  .then((document) => {
    console.log('The file was uploaded!', document)
  })
  .catch((error) => {
    console.error('Upload failed:', error.message)
  })

// Upload an image file from the file system
client.assets
  .upload('image', fs.createReadStream('myImage.jpg'), {filename: 'myImage.jpg'})
  .then((document) => {
    console.log('The image was uploaded!', document)
  })
  .catch((error) => {
    console.error('Upload failed:', error.message)
  })

Examples: Uploading assets from the Browser

// Create a file with "foo" as its content
const file = new File(['foo'], 'foo.txt', {type: 'text/plain'})
// Upload it
client.assets
  .upload('file', file)
  .then((document) => {
    console.log('The file was uploaded!', document)
  })
  .catch((error) => {
    console.error('Upload failed:', error.message)
  })

// Draw something on a canvas and upload as image
const canvas = document.getElementById('someCanvas')
const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')
ctx.fillStyle = '#f85040'
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 50, 50)
ctx.fillStyle = '#fff'
ctx.font = '10px monospace'
ctx.fillText('Sanity', 8, 30)
canvas.toBlob(uploadImageBlob, 'image/png')

function uploadImageBlob(blob) {
  client.assets
    .upload('image', blob, {contentType: 'image/png', filename: 'someText.png'})
    .then((document) => {
      console.log('The image was uploaded!', document)
    })
    .catch((error) => {
      console.error('Upload failed:', error.message)
    })
}

Examples: Specify image metadata to extract

// Extract palette of colors as well as GPS location from exif
client.assets
  .upload('image', someFile, {extract: ['palette', 'location']})
  .then((document) => {
    console.log('The file was uploaded!', document)
  })
  .catch((error) => {
    console.error('Upload failed:', error.message)
  })

Deleting an asset

Deleting an asset document will also trigger deletion of the actual asset.

client.delete(assetDocumentId: string): Promise

client.delete('image-abc123_someAssetId-500x500-png').then((result) => {
  console.log('deleted imageAsset', result)
})

Mutation options

The following options are available for mutations, and can be applied either as the second argument to create(), createOrReplace, createIfNotExists, delete() and mutate() - or as an argument to the commit() method on patches and transactions.

• visibility ('sync'|'async'|'deferred') - default 'sync'
  • sync: request will not return until the requested changes are visible to subsequent queries.
  • async: request will return immediately when the changes have been committed, but it might still be a second or more until changes are reflected in a query. Unless you are immediately re-querying for something that includes the mutated data, this is the preferred choice.
  • deferred: fastest way to write - bypasses real-time indexing completely, and should be used in cases where you are bulk importing/mutating a large number of documents and don't need to see that data in a query for tens of seconds.
• dryRun (true|false) - default false. If true, the mutation will be a dry run - the response will be identical to the one returned had this property been omitted or false (including error responses) but no documents will be affected.
• autoGenerateArrayKeys (true|false) - default false. If true, the mutation API will automatically add _key attributes to objects in arrays that are missing them. This makes array operations more robust by having a unique key within the array available for selections, which helps prevent race conditions in real-time, collaborative editing.

Aborting a request

Requests can be aborted (or cancelled) in two ways:

1. Abort a request by passing an AbortSignal with the request options

Sanity Client supports the AbortController API and supports receiving an abort signal that can be used to cancel the request. Here's an example that will abort the request if it takes more than 200ms to complete:

const abortController = new AbortController()

// note the lack of await here
const request = getClient().fetch('*[_type == "movie"]', {}, {signal: abortController.signal})

// this will abort the request after 200ms
setTimeout(() => abortController.abort(), 200)

try {
  const response = await request
  //…
} catch (error) {
  if (error.name === 'AbortError') {
    console.log('Request was aborted')
  } else {
    // rethrow in case of other errors
    throw error
  }
}

2. Cancel a request by unsubscribing from the Observable

When using the Observable API (e.g. client.observable.fetch()), you can cancel the request by simply unsubscribe from the returned observable:

const subscription = client.observable.fetch('*[_type == "movie"]').subscribe((result) => {
  /* do something with the result */
})

// this will cancel the request
subscription.unsubscribe()

Get client configuration

const config = client.config()
console.log(config.dataset)

client.config()

Get client configuration.

Set client configuration

client.config({dataset: 'newDataset'})

client.config(options)

Set client configuration. Required options are projectId and dataset.

License

MIT © Sanity.io

Migrate

From v5

The default useCdn is changed to true

It was previously false. If you were relying on the default being false you can continue using the live API by setting it in the constructor:

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'

export const client = createClient({
  projectId: 'your-project-id',
  dataset: 'your-dataset-name',
  apiVersion: '2023-03-12',
+ useCdn: false, // set to `true` to use the edge cache
})

From v4

No longer shipping ES5

The target is changed to modern browsers that supports ES6 class, {...rest} syntax and more. You may need to update your bundler to a recent major version. Or you could configure your bundler to transpile @sanity/client, and get-it, which is the engine that powers @sanity/client and uses the same output target.

Node.js v12 no longer supported

Upgrade to the LTS release, or one of the Maintenance releases.

The default export is replaced with the named export createClient

Before:

import createClient from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

import SanityClient from '@sanity/client'
const client = new SanityClient()

After:

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

client.assets.delete is removed

Before:

client.assets.delete('image', 'abc123_foobar-123x123-png')
client.assets.delete('image', 'image-abc123_foobar-123x123-png')
client.assets.delete({_id: 'image-abc123_foobar-123x123-png'})

After:

client.delete('image-abc123_foobar-123x123-png')

client.assets.getImageUrl is removed, replace with @sanity/image-url

Before:

import createClient from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient({projectId: 'abc123', dataset: 'foo'})

client.assets.getImageUrl('image-abc123_foobar-123x123-png')
client.assets.getImageUrl('image-abc123_foobar-123x123-png', {auto: 'format'})
client.assets.getImageUrl({_ref: 'image-abc123_foobar-123x123-png'})
client.assets.getImageUrl({_ref: 'image-abc123_foobar-123x123-png'}, {auto: 'format'})

After:

npm install @sanity/image-url

import imageUrlBuilder from '@sanity/image-url'
const builder = imageUrlBuilder({projectId: 'abc123', dataset: 'foo'})
const urlFor = (source) => builder.image(source)

urlFor('image-abc123_foobar-123x123-png').url()
urlFor('image-abc123_foobar-123x123-png').auto('format').url()
urlFor({_ref: 'image-abc123_foobar-123x123-png'}).url()
urlFor({_ref: 'image-abc123_foobar-123x123-png'}).auto('format').url()

SanityClient static properties moved to named exports

Before:

import SanityClient from '@sanity/client'

const {Patch, Transaction, ClientError, ServerError, requester} = SanityClient

After:

import {Patch, Transaction, ClientError, ServerError, requester} from '@sanity/client'

client.clientConfig is removed, replace with client.config()

Before:

import createClient from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

console.log(client.clientConfig.projectId)

After:

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

console.log(client.config().projectId)

client.isPromiseAPI() is removed, replace with an instanceof check

Before:

import createClient from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

console.log(client.isPromiseAPI())
console.log(client.clientConfig.isPromiseAPI)
console.log(client.config().isPromiseAPI)

After:

import {createClient, SanityClient} from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

console.log(client instanceof SanityClient)

client.observable.isObservableAPI() is removed, replace with an instanceof check

Before:

import createClient from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

console.log(client.observable.isObservableAPI())

After:

import {createClient, ObservableSanityClient} from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

console.log(client.observable instanceof ObservableSanityClient)

client._requestObservable is removed, replace with client.observable.request

Before:

import createClient from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

client._requestObservable({uri: '/ping'}).subscribe()

After:

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

client.observable.request({uri: '/ping'}).subscribe()

client._dataRequest is removed, replace with client.dataRequest

Before:

import createClient from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

client._dataRequest(endpoint, body, options)

After:

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

client.dataRequest(endpoint, body, options)

client._create_ is removed, replace with one of client.create, client.createIfNotExists or client.createOrReplace

Before:

import createClient from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

client._create(doc, 'create', options)
client._create(doc, 'createIfNotExists', options)
client._create(doc, 'createOrReplace', options)

After:

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

client.create(doc, options)
client.createIfNotExists(doc, options)
client.createOrReplace(doc, options)

client.patch.replace is removed, replace with client.createOrReplace

Before:

import createClient from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

client.patch('tropic-hab').replace({name: 'Tropical Habanero', ingredients: []}).commit()

After:

import {createClient} from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

client.createOrReplace({
  _id: 'tropic-hab',
  _type: 'hotsauce',
  name: 'Tropical Habanero',
  ingredients: [],
})

client.auth is removed, replace with client.request

Before:

import createClient from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

/**
 * Fetch available login providers
 */
const loginProviders = await client.auth.getLoginProviders()
/**
 * Revoke the configured session/token
 */
await client.auth.logout()

After:

import {createclient, type AuthProviderResponse} from '@sanity/client'
const client = createClient()

/**
 * Fetch available login providers
 */
const loginProviders = await client.request<AuthProviderResponse>({uri: '/auth/providers'})
/**
 * Revoke the configured session/token
 */
await client.request<void>({uri: '/auth/logout', method: 'POST'})