@preact/signals-react
v2.3.0
Published
Manage state with style in React
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Signals
Signals is a performant state management library with two primary goals:
- Make it as easy as possible to write business logic for small up to complex apps. No matter how complex your logic is, your app updates should stay fast without you needing to think about it. Signals automatically optimize state updates behind the scenes to trigger the fewest updates necessary. They are lazy by default and automatically skip signals that no one listens to.
- Integrate into frameworks as if they were native built-in primitives. You don't need any selectors, wrapper functions, or anything else. Signals can be accessed directly and your component will automatically re-render when the signal's value changes.
Read the announcement post to learn more about which problems signals solves and how it came to be.
Installation:
npm install @preact/signals-react
React Integration
The React integration can be installed via:
npm install @preact/signals-react
We have a couple of options for integrating Signals into React. The recommended approach is to use the Babel transform to automatically make your components that use signals reactive.
Babel Transform
Install the Babel transform package (npm i --save-dev @preact/signals-react-transform
) and add the following to your Babel config:
{
"plugins": [["module:@preact/signals-react-transform"]]
}
This will automatically transform your components to be reactive. You can then use signals directly inside your components.
import { signal } from "@preact/signals-react";
const count = signal(0);
function CounterValue() {
// Whenever the `count` signal is updated, we'll
// re-render this component automatically for you
return <p>Value: {count.value}</p>;
}
See the Readme for the Babel plugin for more details about how the transform works and configuring it.
useSignals
hook
If you can't use the Babel transform, you can directly call the useSignals
hook to make your components reactive.
import { useSignals } from "@preact/signals-react/runtime";
const count = signal(0);
function CounterValue() {
useSignals();
return <p>Value: {count.value}</p>;
}
Hooks
If you need to instantiate new signals or create new side effects on signal changes inside your components, you can use the useSignal
, useComputed
and useSignalEffect
hooks.
import { useSignal, useComputed, useSignalEffect } from "@preact/signals-react";
function Counter() {
const count = useSignal(0);
const double = useComputed(() => count.value * 2);
useSignalEffect(() => {
console.log(`Value: ${count.value}, value x 2 = ${double.value}`);
});
return (
<button onClick={() => count.value++}>
Value: {count.value}, value x 2 = {double.value}
</button>
);
}
Rendering optimizations
The React adapter ships with several optimizations it can apply out of the box to skip virtual-dom rendering entirely. If you pass a signal directly into JSX, it will bind directly to the DOM Text
node that is created and update that whenever the signal changes.
import { signal } from "@preact/signals-react";
const count = signal(0);
// Unoptimized: Will trigger the surrounding
// component to re-render
function Counter() {
return <p>Value: {count.value}</p>;
}
// Optimized: Will update the text node directly
function Counter() {
return (
<p>
<>Value: {count}</>
</p>
);
}
To opt into this optimization, simply pass the signal directly instead of accessing the .value
property.
Note The content is wrapped in a React Fragment due to React 18's newer, more strict children types.
Limitations
This version of React integration does not support passing signals as DOM attributes. Support for this may be added at a later date.
Using signals into render props is not recommended. In this situation, the component that reads the signal is the component that calls the render prop, which may or may not be hooked up to track signals. For example:
const count = signal(0);
function ShowCount({ getCount }) {
return <div>{getCount()}</div>;
}
function App() {
return <ShowCount getCount={() => count.value} />;
}
Here, the ShowCount
component is the one that accesses count.value
at runtime since it invokes getCount
, so it needs to be hooked up to track signals. However, since it doesn't statically access the signal, the Babel transform won't transform it by default. One fix is to set mode: all
in the Babel plugin's config, which will transform all components. Another workaround is put the return of the render prop into it's own component and then return that from your render prop. In the following example, the Count
component statically accesses the signal, so it will be transformed by default.
const count = signal(0);
function ShowCount({ getCount }) {
return <div>{getCount()}</div>;
}
const Count = () => <>{count.value}</>;
function App() {
return <ShowCount getCount={() => <Count />} />;
}
Similar issues exist with using object getters & setters. Since the it isn't easily statically analyzable that a getter or setter is backed by a signal, the Babel plugin may miss some components that use signals in this way. Similarly, setting Babel's plugin to mode: all
will fix this issue.
License
MIT
, see the LICENSE file.