@hatchifyjs/react-rest
v0.1.38
Published
- [What is react-rest](#what-is-react-rest?) - [TypeScript](#typescript) - [Relationships](#relationships) - [Focus on UI](#focus-on-ui) - [Building a Simple Todo App with react-rest](#building-a-simple-todo-app-with-react-rest) - [Project Setup](
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react-rest
What is react-rest?
React-rest is a model-driven library for interacting with your backend. By defining the schemas (AKA models) of your backend resources, react-rest will provide you with a set of hooks and functions that you can use across your React app.
TypeScript
React-rest provides TypeScript support. Here's an example of how two schemas (Todo
and User
) provide auto-completion for an instantiated react-rest app (hatchedReactRest
):
Relationships
By providing react-rest your schemas, it will be able to fetch related data from your JSON:API backend.
Note: take note of code commented with the 👀 emoji.
const [todos] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useAll({ include: ["user"] })
todos[0].name
todos[0].user.name // 👀
Focus on UI
React-rest allows you to keep your focus on your UI. By defining your schemas ahead of time, you will not have to worry about your REST layer. Any changes you make to your data will trigger re-fetches in react-rest so that you’re always up to date.
Building a Simple Todo App with react-rest
The following guide creates a simple Todo app from scratch. At first, it will look like this:
Then, we'll extend the app to handle relationships:
Project Setup
Note: the ✏️ icon indicates when to follow along!
✏️ Perform the following steps:
Ensure you’re using node 18 and npm 9.
node -v
Create a new react app titled “react-rest-app” with Vite. TypeScript is recommended, but not required:
npm create vite@latest react-rest-app -- --template react-ts
Move into the
/react-rest-app
directory and install the node modules:cd react-rest-app npm install
Install the
@hatchifyjs/react-rest
and@hatchify-js/rest-client-jsonapi
libraries:npm install @hatchifyjs/react-rest @hatchifyjs/rest-client-jsonapi
For this guide, we’re going to use mock service worker as our backend.
a. Install msw:
npm install msw --save-dev
b. Create a
/mocks
directory and initialize msw.mkdir src/mocks npx msw init public/ --save
c. Run the following command to add a
browser.js
file to your/mocks
directory and populate it with some request handlers and mocked data:curl -o src/mocks/browser.ts https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bitovi/hatchify/main/example/react-rest/src/mocks/browser.ts
To start the mock service worker, replace the contents of
src/main.tsx
with the following:import React from "react" import ReactDOM from "react-dom/client" import App from "./App.tsx" // 👀 if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "development") { await import("./mocks/browser").then(({ worker }) => { worker.start() }) } ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById("root") as HTMLElement).render( <React.StrictMode> <App /> </React.StrictMode>, )
Run
npm run dev
, and open http://localhost:3000/ to see the starter app in action.
Listing, creating, and deleting todos
The following makes a simple todo app that loads todos from /api/todos
and allows the user to create and delete todos.
✏️ Replace the contents of src/App.tsx
with the following:
// App.tsx
import { useState } from "react"
import type { Schema } from "@hatchifyjs/react-rest"
import hatchifyReactRest from "@hatchifyjs/react-rest"
import createClient from "@hatchifyjs/rest-client-jsonapi"
const Todo: Schema = {
name: "Todo",
ui: { displayAttribute: "name" },
attributes: {
name: "string",
},
}
const jsonapi = createClient("/api", { Todo })
const hatchedReactRest = hatchifyReactRest(jsonapi)
function App() {
const [todos, todosMeta] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useAll()
const [createTodo, createState] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useCreateOne()
const [deleteTodo, deleteState] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useDeleteOne()
const [todoName, setTodoName] = useState("")
if (todosMeta.isPending) {
return <div>loading...</div>
}
return (
<div>
<div>
<input type="text" value={todoName} onChange={(e) => setTodoName(e.target.value)} />
<button
disabled={createState.isPending}
type="button"
onClick={() => {
createTodo({ attributes: { name: todoName } })
setTodoName("")
}}
>
{createState.isPending ? "submitting..." : "submit"}
</button>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
{todos.map((todo) => (
<tr key={todo.id}>
<td>{todo.name}</td>
<td>
<button disabled={deleteState.isPending} type="button" onClick={() => deleteTodo(todo.id)}>
delete
</button>
</td>
</tr>
))}
</thead>
</table>
</div>
)
}
export default App
✏️ Make sure to save the file. Your browser should automatically update with the changes.
In the following sections, we'll configure react-rest to understand the data it’s loading, where it’s loading it from, and that it’s using a JSON:API data format.
Note: In your Vite app, you may have noticed the duplicated GET requests in the network tab. This is happening because Vite runs React in strict mode in development. In strict mode, React is running hooks twice (hence the duplicated requests) to help catch bugs in our code. You can read more about it here.
Configuration
Schemas
React-rest is powered by schema-driven development. A schema is an object representation of our backend resources. React-rest provides a Schema
type that we can follow to make sure our objects are defined correctly. In our App.tsx we have created a Todo
schema, and on it we defined the following:
The name of our schema,
Todo
The primary display attribute, in this case
name
An object containing all the attributes of our Todo, currently only
name
// App.tsx
import type { Schema } from "@hatchifyjs/react-rest"
// ...
const Todo: Schema = {
name: "Todo",
ui: { displayAttribute: "name" },
attributes: {
name: "string",
},
}
REST Client
React-rest expects a client to be passed into it. HatchifyJS provides a JSON:API rest client to use which takes in a base URL, and a mapping of schemas to endpoints. The response from the createClient
call is what we will pass into our react-rest app.
// App.tsx
import createClient from "@hatchifyjs/rest-client-jsonapi"
// ...
const jsonapi = createClient("/api", { Todo })
hatchifyReactRest
// App.tsx
import hatchifyReactRest from "@hatchifyjs/react-rest"
// ...
const hatchedReactRest = hatchifyReactRest(jsonapi)
Fetching a list
To fetch a list of todos we are using the useAll
hook from react-rest inside of our App.tsx
. The object returned from hatchifyReactRest
will contain a key for each schema passed into it. Off of that key we can call the useAll
hook which will fetch us a list of todos. Any time a user mutates a todo (by creating, updating, or deleting), our useAll
hook will re-fetch the latest data.
The return from useAll
is an array where the first index contains an array of todos and the second index contains any metadata about our request, such as whether we’re fetching data or if we received an error.
// App.tsx: App component
// 👀
const [todos, todosMeta] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useAll()
// 👀
if (todosMeta.isPending) {
return <div>loading...</div>
}
// 👀
return (
<table>
<thead>
{todos.map((todo) => (
<tr key={todo.id}>
<td>{todo.name}</td>
</tr>
))}
</thead>
</table>
)
Note: You might be unfamiliar with calling a hook as a method on an object (like we're doing above) but it's perfectly valid! A hook is a hook, and it still follows the rules of hooks, even when it's a method.
Creating
To create new todos we are using the useCreateOne
hook from react-rest. The useCreateOne
hook returns an array with 3 values. The first index returns a mutate function, which is what we use to create a todo. The second index, similar to useAll
, contains metadata about our create request. Finally, the third index contains the latest created todo; which in this example we can safely ignore.
// App.tsx: App component
const [todos, todosMeta] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useAll()
// 👀
const [createTodo, createState] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useCreateOne()
const [todoName, setTodoName] = useState("")
// 👀
if (todosMeta.isPending) {
return <div>loading...</div>
}
// 👀
return (
<div>
<div>
{/* 👀 */}
<input type="text" value={todoName} onChange={(e) => setTodoName(e.target.value)} />
{/* 👀 */}
<button disabled={createState.isPending} type="button" onClick={() => createTodo({ attributes: { name: todoName } })}>
{createState.isPending ? "submitting..." : "submit"}
</button>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
{todos.map((todo) => (
<tr key={todo.id}>
<td>{todo.name}</td>
</tr>
))}
</thead>
</table>
</div>
)
Deleting
For deleting todos, our App.tsx
is using useDeleteOne
. This hook behaves similarly to useCreateOne
: the first index contains the delete function and the second contains metadata about our delete request. This hook does not return a third index as useCreateOne
does.
// App.tsx: App component
const [todos, todosMeta] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useAll()
const [createTodo, createState] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useCreateOne()
// 👀
const [deleteTodo, deleteState] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useDeleteOne()
const [todoName, setTodoName] = useState("")
if (todosMeta.isPending) {
return <div>loading...</div>
}
return (
<div>
<div>
<input type="text" value={todoName} onChange={(e) => setTodoName(e.target.value)} />
<button disabled={createState.isPending} type="button" onClick={() => createTodo({ attributes: { name: todoName } })}>
{createState.isPending ? "submitting..." : "submit"}
</button>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
{todos.map((todo) => (
<tr key={todo.id}>
<td>{todo.name}</td>
{/* 👀 */}
<td>
<button disabled={deleteState.isPending} type="button" onClick={() => deleteTodo(todo.id)}>
delete
</button>
</td>
</tr>
))}
</thead>
</table>
</div>
)
Relationships: Allowing a user to be assigned to todos
If we define many schemas and the relationships between them, then we can fetch the related records using the hooks and functions provided by react-rest.
Fetching todos with related users
To fetch todos with their related users, we need to make a few changes to our App.tsx
.
First, we need to update our Todo schema to have a relationship to a user and then create a new User schema.
✏️ Modify the Todo schema to have a relationships property:
// App.tsx
const Todo: Schema = {
name: "Todo",
ui: { displayAttribute: "name" },
attributes: {
name: "string",
},
// 👀
relationships: {
user: {
type: "one",
schema: "User",
},
},
}
✏️ Create a new User schema:
// App.tsx
// 👀
const User: Schema = {
name: "User",
ui: { displayAttribute: "name" },
attributes: {
name: "string",
},
relationships: {
todos: {
type: "many",
schema: "Todo",
},
},
}
Next, we need to pass the new User schema into createClient
and hatchifyReactRest
.
✏️ Pass the new schema into createClient
and hatchifyReactRest
:
// App.tsx
const jsonapi = createClient("/api", {
Todo,
// 👀
User,
})
const hatchedReactRest = hatchifyReactRest(jsonapi)
Finally, we update our useAll
hook to include user data and update our list to print a user name for each todo.
✏️ Update the useAll
hook to include user data:
// App.tsx: App component
const [todos, todosMeta] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useAll({ include: ["user"] }) // 👀
✏️ Update the list to print a user name for each todo:
// App.tsx: App component
{
todos.map((todo) => (
<tr key={todo.id}>
<td>{todo.name}</td>
{/* 👀 */}
<td>{todo.user?.name}</td>
<td>
<button disabled={deleteState.isPending} type="button" onClick={() => deleteTodo(todo.id)}>
delete
</button>
</td>
</tr>
))
}
Your App.tsx
should now look like this:
// App.tsx
import { useState } from "react"
import type { Schema } from "@hatchifyjs/react-rest"
import hatchifyReactRest from "@hatchifyjs/react-rest"
import createClient from "@hatchifyjs/rest-client-jsonapi"
const Todo: Schema = {
name: "Todo",
ui: { displayAttribute: "name" },
attributes: {
name: "string",
},
relationships: {
user: {
type: "one",
schema: "User",
},
},
}
const User: Schema = {
name: "User",
ui: { displayAttribute: "name" },
attributes: {
name: "string",
},
relationships: {
todos: {
type: "many",
schema: "Todo",
},
},
}
const jsonapi = createClient("/api", { Todo, User })
const hatchedReactRest = hatchifyReactRest(jsonapi)
function App() {
const [todos, todosMeta] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useAll({ include: ["user"] })
const [createTodo, createState] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useCreateOne()
const [deleteTodo, deleteState] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useDeleteOne()
const [todoName, setTodoName] = useState("")
if (todosMeta.isPending) {
return <div>loading...</div>
}
return (
<div>
<div>
<input type="text" value={todoName} onChange={(e) => setTodoName(e.target.value)} />
<button
disabled={createState.isPending}
type="button"
onClick={() => {
createTodo({ attributes: { name: todoName } })
setTodoName("")
}}
>
{createState.isPending ? "submitting..." : "submit"}
</button>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
{todos.map((todo) => (
<tr key={todo.id}>
<td>{todo.name}</td>
<td>{todo.user?.name}</td>
<td>
<button disabled={deleteState.isPending} type="button" onClick={() => deleteTodo(todo.id)}>
delete
</button>
</td>
</tr>
))}
</thead>
</table>
</div>
)
}
export default App
And your app should now look like this:
Fetching users and populating a select
Now that we've added the User schema into our createClient
and hatchifyReactRest
, we can fetch users and populate a select with them.
✏️ Add a new useAll
hook to fetch users:
// App.tsx: App component
const [users, usersMeta] = hatchedReactRest.User.useAll()
✏️ Add a stateful select input that has users as options:
// App.tsx: App component
const [selectedUser, setSelectedUser] = useState("")
// App.tsx: App component
<input
type="text"
value={todoName}
onChange={(e) => setTodoName(e.target.value)}
/>
{/* 👀 */}
<select
disabled={usersMeta.isPending}
value={selectedUser}
onChange={(e) => setSelectedUser(e.target.value)}
>
<option value="">select user</option>
{users.map((user) => (
<option key={user.id} value={user.id}>
{user.name}
</option>
))}
</select>
<button
disabled={createState.isPending}
type="button"
onClick={() => {
createTodo({
attributes: { name: todoName },
})
setTodoName("")
}}
>
{createState.isPending ? "submitting..." : "submit"}
</button>
Creating a todo with a user
Now that we have a select
populated with users, we can create a todo with a user.
✏️ Update createTodo
to pass in the selected user id and set the selectedUser back to its default state:
// App.tsx: App component
<button
disabled={createState.isPending}
type="button"
onClick={() => {
createTodo({
attributes: { name: todoName },
// 👀
relationships: { user: { id: selectedUser } },
})
setTodoName("")
// 👀
setSelectedUser("")
}}
>
{createState.isPending ? "submitting..." : "submit"}
</button>
Altogether, our App.tsx should look like this:
// App.tsx
import { useState } from "react"
import type { Schema } from "@hatchifyjs/react-rest"
import hatchifyReactRest from "@hatchifyjs/react-rest"
import createClient from "@hatchifyjs/rest-client-jsonapi"
const Todo: Schema = {
name: "Todo",
ui: { displayAttribute: "name" },
attributes: {
name: "string",
},
relationships: {
user: {
type: "one",
schema: "User",
},
},
}
const User: Schema = {
name: "User",
ui: { displayAttribute: "name" },
attributes: {
name: "string",
},
relationships: {
todos: {
type: "many",
schema: "Todo",
},
},
}
const jsonapi = createClient("/api", { Todo, User })
const hatchedReactRest = hatchifyReactRest(jsonapi)
function App() {
const [todos, todosMeta] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useAll({ include: ["user"] })
const [createTodo, createState] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useCreateOne()
const [deleteTodo, deleteState] = hatchedReactRest.Todo.useDeleteOne()
const [todoName, setTodoName] = useState("")
const [users, usersMeta] = hatchedReactRest.User.useAll()
const [selectedUser, setSelectedUser] = useState("")
if (todosMeta.isPending) {
return <div>loading...</div>
}
return (
<div>
<div>
<input type="text" value={todoName} onChange={(e) => setTodoName(e.target.value)} />
<select disabled={usersMeta.isPending} value={selectedUser} onChange={(e) => setSelectedUser(e.target.value)}>
<option value="">select user</option>
{users.map((user) => (
<option key={user.id} value={user.id}>
{user.name}
</option>
))}
</select>
<button
disabled={createState.isPending}
type="button"
onClick={() => {
createTodo({
attributes: { name: todoName },
relationships: { user: { id: selectedUser } },
})
setTodoName("")
setSelectedUser("")
}}
>
{createState.isPending ? "submitting..." : "submit"}
</button>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
{todos.map((todo) => (
<tr key={todo.id}>
<td>{todo.name}</td>
<td>{todo.user?.name}</td>
<td>
<button disabled={deleteState.isPending} type="button" onClick={() => deleteTodo(todo.id)}>
delete
</button>
</td>
</tr>
))}
</thead>
</table>
</div>
)
}
export default App
Congratulations! You've just created an app with react-rest with a fully functional development backend, complete with CRUD operations and relationship support.
Note: At this point we've reached the limits of what our todo app's
msw
-powered API supports. If you would like to continue exploring the HatchifyJS ecosystem, then we suggest setting up a standalone HatchifyJS backend. The getting started guide for a HatchifyJS backend can be found here.
For more information on react-rest, read on.
Alternatives to hooks
Sometimes we need to fetch data outside of our React components. For these cases, react-rest provides us with promise-based equivalents.
| hooks | promises | | ------------ | --------- | | useCreateOne | createOne | | useUpdateOne | updateOne | | useDeleteOne | deleteOne | | useAll | findAll | | useOne | findOne |