@cloudflare/next-on-pages

@cloudflare/next-on-pages is a CLI tool that you can use to build and develop Next.js applications so that they can run on the Cloudflare Pages platform (and integrate with Cloudflare's various other product offerings, such as KV, D1, R2, and Durable Objects).

This tool is a best-effort library implemented by the Cloudflare team and the community. As such, most, but not all, Next.js features are supported. See the Supported Versions and Features document for more details.

Quick Start

This section describes how to bundle and deploy a (new or existing) Next.js application to Cloudflare Pages, using @cloudflare/next-on-pages.

1. Select your Next.js app

To start using @cloudflare/next-on-pages, you must have a Next.js project that you wish to deploy. If you already have one, change to its directory. Otherwise, you can use the create-next-app command to start a new one.

npx create-next-app@latest my-next-app
cd my-next-app

We have confirmed support for the current version of Next.js at the time of writing, 13.4.2. Although we'll endeavor to keep support for newer versions, we cannot guarantee that we'll always be up-to-date with the latest version. If you experience any problems with @cloudflare/next-on-pages, you may wish to try pinning to 13.4.2 while we work on supporting any recent breaking changes.

2. Configure the application to use the Edge Runtime

For your application to run on Cloudflare Pages, it needs to opt in to use the Edge Runtime for routes containing server-side code (e.g. API Routes or pages that use getServerSideProps). To do this, export a runtime route segment config option from each file, specifying that it should use the Edge Runtime.

export const runtime = 'edge';

For more examples of this and for Next.js versions prior to v13.3.1, take a look at our examples document. Additionally, ensure that your application is not using any unsupported APIs or features.

3. Deploy your application to Cloudflare Pages

To deploy your application to Cloudflare Pages, you need to install the @cloudflare/next-on-pages package.

npm install -D @cloudflare/next-on-pages

Then you can deploy to Cloudflare Pages via the automatic Git integration. To do so, start by committing and pushing your application's code to a GitHub/GitLab repository.

Next, in the Cloudflare Dashboard, create a new Pages project:

• Navigate to the project creation pages (Your account Home > Workers & Pages > Create application > Pages > Connect to Git).
• Select the GitHub/GitLab repository you pushed your code to.
• Choose a project name and your production branch.
• Select Next.js as the Framework preset and provide the following options: | Option | Value | | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------- | | Build command | npx @cloudflare/next-on-pages@1 | | Build output directory | .vercel/output/static |
• In the Environment variables (advanced) section, add a new variable named NODE_VERSION set to 16 or greater.
• Click on Save and Deploy to start the deployment (this first deployment won't be fully functional as the next step is also necessary).
• Go to the Pages project settings page (Settings > Functions > Compatibility Flags), add the nodejs_compat flag for both production and preview, and make sure that the Compatibility Date for both production and preview is set to at least 2022-11-30.

If you don't want to set up a Git repository, you can build your application (as indicated in Local Development) and publish it manually via the wrangler pages publish command instead (you'll still need to set the nodejs_compat flag for your project in the Cloudflare dashboard).

Note: When deploying via the Git integration, for better compatibility with tools such as yarn and pnpm we recommend using the Build system version 2 (that is the default so no action is required).

Recommended development workflow

When developing a next-on-pages application, this is the development workflow that Cloudflare recommends:

Develop using the standard Next.js dev server

The standard development server provided by Next.js is the best available option for a fast and polished development experience. The next-dev submodule makes it possible to use Next.js' standard development server while still having access to your Cloudflare bindings.

Build and preview your application locally

To ensure that your application is being built in a manner that is fully compatible with Cloudflare Pages, before deploying it, or whenever you are comfortable checking the correctness of the application during your development process, you will want to build and preview it locally using Cloudflare's workerd JavaScript runtime.

Do this by running:

npx @cloudflare/next-on-pages

And preview your project by running:

npx wrangler pages dev .vercel/output/static

[!NOTE] The wrangler pages dev command needs to run the application using the nodejs_compat compatibility flag. The nodejs_compat flag can be specified in either your project's wrangler.toml file or provided to the command as an inline argument: --compatibility-flag=nodejs_compat.

Deploy your application and iterate

After you have previewed your application locally, you can deploy it to Cloudflare Pages (both via Direct Uploads or Git integration) and iterate over the process to make new changes.

Cloudflare Platform Integration

Next.js applications built using @cloudflare/next-on-pages get access to resources and information only available or relevant on the Cloudflare platform, such are:

• Bindings (env), which allows you to take advantage of Cloudflare specific resources.
• Cloudflare properties (cf), object containing information about the request provided by Cloudflare’s global network.
• Lifecycle methods (ctx), methods to augment or control how the request is handled.

Such can be accessed by calling the getRequestContext function in server only code.

For example:

import { getRequestContext } from '@cloudflare/next-on-pages';

// ...

const { env, cf, ctx } = getRequestContext();

Warning: The function cannot be called in code from components using the Pages router.

Note: In order to make the function work in development mode (using the standard Next.js dev server) use the @cloudflare/next-on-pages/next-dev submodule.

TypeScript Env Type: the env object returned by getRequestContext implements the CloudflareEnv interface, add your binding types to such interface in order for get a correctly typed env object.

Note: getRequestContext throws an error if invoked when the request context is not available, if you prefer to receive undefined in such cases use getOptionalRequestContext instead, the latter is identical to getRequestContext except from the fact that it returns undefined when the context is not available.

Examples

To see some examples on how to use Next.js features with @cloudflare/next-on-pages, see the Examples document.

Troubleshooting

If you find yourself hitting some issues with @cloudflare/next-on-pages please check out our official troubleshooting documentation.

More Information

For more information on the project please check out the README in the next-on-pages github repository.