npm package discovery and stats viewer.

Discover Tips

  • General search

    [free text search, go nuts!]

  • Package details

    pkg:[package-name]

  • User packages

    @[username]

Sponsor

Optimize Toolset

I’ve always been into building performant and accessible sites, but lately I’ve been taking it extremely seriously. So much so that I’ve been building a tool to help me optimize and monitor the sites that I build to make sure that I’m making an attempt to offer the best experience to those who visit them. If you’re into performant, accessible and SEO friendly sites, you might like it too! You can check it out at Optimize Toolset.

About

Hi, 👋, I’m Ryan Hefner  and I built this site for me, and you! The goal of this site was to provide an easy way for me to check the stats on my npm packages, both for prioritizing issues and updates, and to give me a little kick in the pants to keep up on stuff.

As I was building it, I realized that I was actually using the tool to build the tool, and figured I might as well put this out there and hopefully others will find it to be a fast and useful way to search and browse npm packages as I have.

If you’re interested in other things I’m working on, follow me on Twitter or check out the open source projects I’ve been publishing on GitHub.

I am also working on a Twitter bot for this site to tweet the most popular, newest, random packages from npm. Please follow that account now and it will start sending out packages soon–ish.

Open Software & Tools

This site wouldn’t be possible without the immense generosity and tireless efforts from the people who make contributions to the world and share their work via open source initiatives. Thank you 🙏

© 2024 – Pkg Stats / Ryan Hefner

@cara/porter

v4.6.7

Published

A middleware for web modules

Downloads

241

Readme

Porter

NPM Downloads NPM Version codecov

中文版

Porter 是一个前端打包构建工具,支持开发者使用 CommonJS 或者 ES Modules 开发 Web 应用,支持如下特性:

  1. 支持同步或者异步的模块加载方式,可以任意使用 require()require.async()import、或者 import() 来加载模块,异步加载的模块会自动拆成单独的包;
  2. 与 NPM 包基本对应,可以选择按包构建,也可以选择全部合并代码到同步或者异步加载的入口模块;
  3. 足够快的依赖解析与编译性能,合理利用编译缓存,生产环境构建性能更易优化。

推荐阅读《快速上手》和《帮助手册》。

基础配置

文本主要介绍 @cara/porter 中间件的用法,如果要了解 @cara/porter-cli,可以访问对应的 NPM 包,或者阅读 Porter 帮助手册

Porter 提供 Egg、Koa、和 Express 不同格式的中间件:

const Koa = require('koa')
const Porter = require('@cara/porter')

const app = new Koa()
const porter = new Porter()
app.use(porter.async())

// express
app.use(porter.func())

Modules

以下面这个目录结构为例,默认可以将前端代码放在 ./components 目录:

➜  examples/cli git:(master) tree -L 2
.
├── components        # browser modules
│   ├── app.css
│   └── app.js
├── node_modules      # dependencies
│   ├── @cara
│   │   └── porter
│   ├── jquery
│   └── prismjs
├── package.json
└── public
    └── index.html    # homepage

然后在 ./public/index.html 引用:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>A Porter Demo</title>
  <!-- CSS 入口模块 -->
  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/app.css">
</head>
<body>
  <h1>A Porter Demo</h1>
  <!-- JavaScript 入口模块 -->
  <script src="/app.js?main"></script>
</body>
</html>

JavaScript 入口模块有个额外的 ?main 参数,原先有这个是为了告诉 Porter 在打包入口模块时是否把模块加载器 loader.js 包含进去。相应的,下面这两种写法不会包含 loader.js:

<!-- entry format 1 -->
<script src="/loader.js" data-main="app.js"></script>
<!-- entry format 2 -->
<script src="/loader.js"></script>
<script>porter.import('app')</script>

上述写法都不再推荐,直接写 <script src="/app.js?main"></script> 就好。

在 JavaScript 代码中,下面这些写法都是支持的,可以加载 NPM 包、CSS、WebAssembly、或者 Web Worker:

import $ from 'jquery';         // => ./node_modules/jquery/dist/jquery.js
import * as React from 'react'; // => ./node_modules/react/index.js
import util from './util';      // => ./components/util.js or ./components/util/index.js

// <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/app.js"> is still needed though
import './foo.css';

// will fetch the wasm file, instantiate it, and return the exports
import wasm from './foo.wasm';

// will bundle and fetch worker.js separately
import Worker from 'worker-loader!./worker.js';

在 CSS 入口模块中,同样支持 @import,并且会在打包阶段处理,将相关内容按照引用顺序合并到一起:

@import "prismjs/themes/prism.css";
@import "./base.css";

如果没有编写专门的 CSS 入口模块,但是在 JavaScript 入口模块中又有 import './foo.css';,Porter 也会生成对应的 CSS 输出文件,这个处理逻辑与 webpack 的 mini-css-extract-plugin 相仿。默认情况下,此时打包的 app.js 不会自动加载 app.css,需要在 HTML 页面中自行引入。

配置项

下面是 Porter 支持的配置项列表:

const path = require('path');
const Porter = require('@cara/porter');

const porter = new Porter({
  // project root, defaults to `process.cwd()`
  root: process.cwd(),

  // paths of browser modules, or components, defaults to `'components'`
  paths: 'components',

  // output settings
  output: {
    // path of the compile output, defaults to `'public'`
    path: 'public',
  },

  // cache settings
  cache: {
    // path of the cache store, defaults to `output.path`
    path: '.porter-cache',

    // cache identifier to shortcut cache invalidation
    identifier({ packet }) {
      return JSON.stringify([
        require('@cara/porter/package.json').version,
        packet.transpiler,
        packet.transpilerVersion,
        packet.transpilerOpts,
      ]);
    },
  },

  // preload common dependencies, defaults to `[]`
  preload: [ 'preload', '@babel/runtime' ],

  // the module resolution behaviour
  resolve: {
    // an alias at project level to simplify import specifier, such as
    //     import util from '@/util'; // => components/util/index.js
    alias: {
      '@': path.join(process.cwd(), 'components'),
    },

    // supported extensions
    extensions: [ '*', '.js', '.jsx', '.ts', '.tsx', '.css' ],

    // transform big libraries that support partial import by conventions
    import: [
      { libraryName: 'antd', style: 'css' },
      { libraryName: 'lodash',
        libraryDirectory: '',
        camel2DashComponentName: false },
    ],
  },

  // transpile settings
  transpile: {
    // turn on transpilation on certain dependencies, defaults to `[]`
    include: [ 'antd' ],
  },

  // bundle settings
  bundle: {
    // excluded dependencies will be bundled separately, defaults to `[]`
    exclude: [ 'antd' ],
  },

  // source settings
  source: {
    // serve the source file if it's development mode, defaults to `false`
    serve: process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production',

    // the `sourceRoot` in the generated source map, defaults to `'/'`
    root: 'localhost:3000',
  },
});

构建部署

前端代码经过构建部署之后,生产环境就不需要依赖打包构建工具了。可以使用 porter.compileAll({ entries }) 方法来执行构建:

const porter = new Porter({
  output: { path: 'dist' },
});

await porter.compileAll({
  entries: ['app.js', 'app.css']
});

Porter 会解析入口模块相关依赖,按照下面的打包逻辑输出构建产物:

  • Entries are bundled separately, e.g. entries: ['app.js', 'app2.js'] are compiled into two different bundles.

  • Dependencies are bundled per package with internal modules put together, e.g. jQuery gets compiled as jquery/3.3.1/dist/jquery.4f8208b0.js.

  • Dependencies with multiple entries gets bundled per package as well, e.g. lodash methods will be compiled as lodash/4.17.10/lodash.36bdcd6d.js.

  • 入口模块会分别打包,例如 entries: ['app.js', 'app2.js'] 会分别打包成两个文件;

  • 默认按照 NPM 包打包依赖,包内部的模块会被打包到一起,例如 jQuery 包含的模块会被打包到 jquery/3.3.1/dist/jquery.4f8208b0.js

  • 如果 NPM 包有多个入口模块被引用,会被打包到一起,页面动态加载的时候也只会加载这个包的同一个构建产物,例如 app.js 引用 lodash/throttle、app2.js 引用 lodash/debounce,最终打包的是 lodash/4.17.10/lodash.36bdcd6d.js,两个页面都会加载这个构建产物。

以下面这个入口模块为例:

import $ from 'jquery';
import throttle from 'lodash/throttle';
import camelize from 'lodash/camelize';
import util from './util';
// code

调用 porter.compileAll({ entries: ['app.js'] }) 完成后,输出的文件大致如下:

public
├── app.${contenthash}.js
├── app.${contenthash}.js.map
├── jquery
│   └── 3.3.1
│       └── dist
|           ├── jquery.${contenthash}.js
|           └── jquery.${contenthash}.js.map
└── lodash
    └── 4.17.10
        ├── ~bundle.${contenthash}.js
        └── ~bundle.${contenthash}.js.map

也可以选择全部打包到一起,这样只会按照入口模块来输出构建产物:

// default
porter.compileEntry('app.js', { package: true })

// bundle everything
porter.compileEntry('app.js', { all: true })

也可以抽取一些公共包,使用 options.preload 或者 options.bundle.exclude 配置都可以实现,详细参考 Porter 配置文档