@atproto/oauth-client-browser
v0.3.1
Published
ATPROTO OAuth client for the browser (relies on WebCrypto & Indexed DB)
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atproto OAuth Client for the Browser
This package provides a browser specific OAuth client implementation for atproto. It implements all the OAuth features required by ATPROTO (PKCE, DPoP, etc.).
@atproto/oauth-client-browser
is designed for front-end applications that do
not have a backend server to manage OAuth sessions, a.k.a "Single Page
Applications" (SPA).
[!IMPORTANT]
When a backend server is available, it is recommended to use
@atproto/oauth-client-node
to manage OAuth sessions from the server side and use a session cookie to map the OAuth session to the front-end. Because this mechanism allows the backend to invalidate OAuth credentials at scale, this method is more secure than managing OAuth sessions from the front-end directly. Thanks to the added security, the OAuth server will provide longer lived tokens when issued to a BFF (Backend-for-frontend).
Setup
Client ID
The client_id
is what identifies your application to the OAuth server. It is
used to fetch the client metadata and to initiate the OAuth flow. The
client_id
must be a URL that points to the client
metadata.
Client Metadata
Your OAuth client metadata should be hosted at a URL that corresponds to the
client_id
of your application. This URL should return a JSON object with the
client metadata. The client metadata should be configured according to the
needs of your application and must respect the ATPROTO spec.
{
// Must be the same URL as the one used to obtain this JSON object
"client_id": "https://my-app.com/client-metadata.json",
"client_name": "My App",
"client_uri": "https://my-app.com",
"logo_uri": "https://my-app.com/logo.png",
"tos_uri": "https://my-app.com/tos",
"policy_uri": "https://my-app.com/policy",
"redirect_uris": ["https://my-app.com/callback"],
"scope": "atproto",
"grant_types": ["authorization_code", "refresh_token"],
"response_types": ["code"],
"token_endpoint_auth_method": "none",
"application_type": "web",
"dpop_bound_access_tokens": true
}
The client metadata is used to instantiate an OAuth client. There are two ways of doing this:
Either you "burn" the metadata into your application:
import { BrowserOAuthClient } from '@atproto/oauth-client-browser' const client = new BrowserOAuthClient({ clientMetadata: { // Exact same JSON object as the one returned by the client_id URL }, // ... })
Or you load it asynchronously from the URL:
import { OAuthClient } from '@atproto/oauth-client-browser' const client = await BrowserOAuthClient.load({ clientId: 'https://my-app.com/client-metadata.json', // ... })
If performances are important to you, it is recommended to burn the metadata into the script. Server side rendering techniques can also be used to inject the metadata into the script at runtime.
Handle Resolver
Whenever your application initiates an OAuth flow, it will start to resolve the (user provider) APTROTO handle of the user. This is typically done though a DNS request. However, because DNS resolution is not available in the browser, a backend service must be provided.
[!CAUTION]
Using Bluesky-hosted services for handle resolution (eg, the
bsky.social
endpoint) will leak both user IP addresses and handle identifiers to Bluesky, a third party. While Bluesky has a declared privacy policy, both developers and users of applications need to be informed and aware of the privacy implications of this arrangement. Application developers are encouraged to improve user privacy by operating their own handle resolution service when possible. If you are a PDS self-hoster, you can use your PDS's URL forhandleResolver
.
If a string
or URL
object is used as handleResolver
, the library will
expect this value to be the URL of a service running the
com.atproto.identity.resolveHandle
XRPC Lexicon method.
[!TIP]
If you host your own PDS, you can use its URL as a handle resolver.
import { BrowserOAuthClient } from '@atproto/oauth-client-browser'
const client = new BrowserOAuthClient({
handleResolver: 'https://my-pds.example.com',
// ...
})
Alternatively, if a "DNS over HTTPS" (DoH) service is available, it can be used
to resolve the handle. In this case, the handleResolver
should be initialized
with a AtprotoDohHandleResolver
instance:
import {
BrowserOAuthClient,
AtprotoDohHandleResolver,
} from '@atproto/oauth-client-browser'
const client = new BrowserOAuthClient({
handleResolver: new AtprotoDohHandleResolver('https://my-doh.example.com'),
// ...
})
Other configuration options
In addition to Client Metadata and Handle
Resolver, the BrowserOAuthClient
constructor accepts the
following optional configuration options:
fetch
: A custom wrapper around thefetch
function. This can be useful to add custom headers, logging, or to use a different fetch implementation. Defaults towindow.fetch
.responseMode
:query
orfragment
. Determines how the authorization response is returned to the client. Defaults tofragment
.plcDirectoryUrl
: The URL of the PLC directory. This will typically not be needed unless you run an entire atproto stack locally. Defaults tohttps://plc.directory
.
Usage
Once the client
is set up, it can be used to initiate & manage OAuth sessions.
Initializing the client
The client will manage the sessions for you. In order to do so, it must first initialize itself. Note that this operation must be performed once (and only once) whenever the web app is loaded.
const result: undefined | { session: OAuthSession; state?: string } =
await client.init()
if (result) {
const { session, state } = result
if (state != null) {
console.log(
`${session.sub} was successfully authenticated (state: ${state})`,
)
} else {
console.log(`${session.sub} was restored (last active session)`)
}
}
The return value can be used to determine if the client was able to restore the
last used session (session
is defined) or if the current navigation is the
result of an authorization redirect (both session
and state
are defined).
Initiating an OAuth flow
In order to initiate an OAuth flow, we must fist determine which PDS the authentication flow will be initiated from. This means that the user must provide one of the following information:
- The user's handle
- The user's DID
- A PDS/Entryway URL
Using that information, the OAuthClient will resolve all the needed information to initiate the OAuth flow, and redirect the user to the OAuth server.
try {
await client.signIn('my.handle.com', {
state: 'some value needed later',
prompt: 'none', // Attempt to sign in without user interaction (SSO)
ui_locales: 'fr-CA fr en', // Only supported by some OAuth servers (requires OpenID Connect support + i18n support)
signal: new AbortController().signal, // Optional, allows to cancel the sign in (and destroy the pending authorization, for better security)
})
console.log('Never executed')
} catch (err) {
console.log('The user aborted the authorization process by navigating "back"')
}
The returned promise will never resolve (because the user will be redirected to
the OAuth server). The promise will reject if the user cancels the sign in
(using an AbortSignal
), or if the user navigates back from the OAuth server
(because of browser's back-forward cache).
Handling the OAuth response
When the user is redirected back to the application, the OAuth response will be
available in the URL. The BrowserOAuthClient
will automatically detect the
response and handle it when client.init()
is called. Alternatively, the
application can manually handle the response using the
client.callback(urlQueryParams)
method.
Restoring a session
The client keeps track of all the sessions that it manages through an internal
store. Regardless of the session that was returned from the client.init()
call, any other session can be loaded using the client.restore()
method. This
method will throw an error if the session is no longer available or if it has
become expired.
const aliceSession = await client.restore('did:plc:alice')
const bobSession = await client.restore('did:plc:bob')
In its current form, the client does not expose methods to list all sessions in its store. The app will have to keep track of those itself.
Watching for session invalidation
The client will emit events whenever a session becomes unavailable, allowing to trigger global behaviors (e.g. show the login page).
client.addEventListener(
'deleted',
(
event: CustomEvent<{
sub: string
cause: TokenRefreshError | TokenRevokedError | TokenInvalidError
}>,
) => {
const { sub, cause } = event.detail
console.error(`Session for ${sub} is no longer available (cause: ${cause})`)
},
)
Usage with @atproto/api
The @atproto/api
package provides a way to interact with multiple Bluesky
specific XRPC lexicons (com.atproto
, app.bsky
, chat.bsky
, tools.ozone
)
through the Agent
interface. The oauthSession
returned by the
BrowserOAuthClient
can be used to instantiate an Agent
instance.
import { Agent } from '@atproto/api'
const session = await client.restore('did:plc:alice')
const agent = new Agent(session)
await agent.getProfile({ actor: agent.accountDid })
Any refresh of the credentials will happen under the hood, and the new tokens will be saved in the session store (in the browser's indexed DB).
Advances use-cases
Using in development (localhost)
The OAuth server must be able to fetch the client_metadata
object. The best
way to do this if you didn't already deployed your app is to use a tunneling
service like ngrok.
The client_id
will then be something like
https://<your-ngrok-id>.ngrok.io/<path_to_your_client_metadata>
.
There is however a special case for loopback clients. A loopback client is a
client that runs on localhost
. In this case, the OAuth server will not be able
to fetch the client_metadata
object because localhost
is not accessible from
the outside. To work around this, atproto OAuth servers are required to support
this case by providing an hard coded client_metadata
object for the client.
This has several restrictions:
- There is no way of configuring the client metadata (name, logo, etc.)
- The validity of the refresh tokens (if any) will be very limited (typically 1 day)
- Silent-sign-in will not be allowed
- Only
http://127.0.0.1:<any_port>
andhttp://[::1]:<any_port>
can be used as origin for your app, and nothttp://localhost:<any_port>
. This library will automatically redirect the user to an IP based origin (http://127.0.0.1:<port>
) when visiting an origin withlocalhost
.
Using a loopback client is only recommended for development purposes. A loopback client can be instantiated like this:
import { BrowserOAuthClient } from '@atproto/oauth-client-browser'
const client = new BrowserOAuthClient({
handleResolver: 'https://bsky.social',
// Only works if the current origin is a loopback address:
clientMetadata: undefined,
})
If you need to use a special redirect_uris
, you can configure them like this:
import { BrowserOAuthClient } from '@atproto/oauth-client-browser'
const client = new BrowserOAuthClient({
handleResolver: 'https://bsky.social',
// Note that the origin of the "client_id" URL must be "http://localhost" when
// using this configuration, regardless of the actual hostname ("127.0.0.1" or
// "[::1]"), port or pathname. Only the `redirect_uris` must contain the
// actual url that will be used to redirect the user back to the application.
clientMetadata: `http://localhost?redirect_uri=${encodeURIComponent('http://127.0.0.1:8080/callback')}`,
})