@appliedblockchain/tsql
v6.13.0
Published
Fast and safe T-SQL template combinators for MSSQL.
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Summary
Transact-SQL template combinators.
Playground
Usage
npm i -E @appliedblockchain/tsql
import * as Tsql from '@appliedblockchain/tsql`
Architecture
Tagged templates and functional combinators are used to sanitise and help with generating Microsoft SQL's T-SQL queries.
Basic combinators (eq, gt, in etc.) are provided together with more complex ones (merge1n, inline-table-*, upsert-objects etc).
Auto sanitation
Values used in templates go through auto sanitation:
- sanitised values are left as is
undefined
andnull
become sanitisednull
- finite numbers become sanitised decimal numbers
- booleans are sanitised as
1
(true) or0
(false) - strings are sanitised as unicode string
N'foo'
- dates are sanitised as iso datetime strings
- buffers are sanitised as hex literals if Buffer is defined
- other objects are sanitised as json stringified unicode strings, ie.
{foo:1}
becomesN'{"foo":1}'
- non-finite numbers throw as they are not supported by mssql
- all other values throw
undefined
propagation
Binary operators (eq, ne, gt, gte, lt, lte, in, notIn), logical operators (and, or) and where clauses perform undefined
propagation:
- when right hand side of binary operator is
undefined
the whole term (returned result) is alsoundefined
and
,or
andwhere
combinators omitundefined
values
Above means that undefined
values are composed to generate desired sql queries.
Typescript's type system can be leveraged:
// Allow querying for specific numeric value only. Please note only finite values are supported – `Infinity`, `-Infinity`, `NaN` will throw.
const query =
({ deletedAt }: { deletedAt: number }) =>
tsql`select * from Foo where ${tsql.where(where)}`
// Allow ommiting param.
const query =
({ deletedAt }: { deletedAt?: number }) =>
tsql`select * from Foo where ${tsql.where(where)}`
// Allow ommiting or explicitly using `undefined` value to omit value.
const query =
({ deletedAt }: { deletedAt?: undefined | number }) =>
tsql`select * from Foo where ${tsql.where(where)}`
// Allow `null` (`deletedAt is null`) or number.
const query =
({ deletedAt }: { deletedAt: null | number }) =>
tsql`select * from Foo where ${tsql.where(where)}`
// Allow ommiting, explicit `undefined` (omit), `null` (`... is null`) or number.
const query =
({ deletedAt }: { deletedAt?: undefined | null | number }) =>
tsql`select * from Foo where ${tsql.where(where)}`
No exact object type in typescript
It is worth noting that, unlike flow, typescript unfortunatelly doesn't support exact object types.
What this means is that the following form should be avoided:
// BAD
const query =
(where: { deletedAt: number }) =>
tsql`select * from Foo where ${tsql.where(where)}`
Instead use destructuring to simulate exactness:
const query =
({ deletedAt }: { deletedAt: number }) =>
tsql`select * from Foo where ${tsql.where({ deletedAt })}`
It won't flag invalid usage during type check but the function will behave as expected from the type definition.
where
currying
When using where
combinator, is
-currying combinator is very handy which defers first argument application.
where
combinator is aware of those curried functions and will inject the first argument (left hand side of binary operator) using the key name:
tsql`select * from Foo where ${where({ foo: is(gt, 5) })}`
// select * from Foo where foo > 5
MongoDB like where queries
where
combinator supports MongoDB like queries:
const where = { id: { $gt: 123 }, state: { $in: [ 'PENDING', 'RETRY' ] } }
tsql`select * from Foo ${tsql.where(where)}`
Supported operators:
- unary
{ $not: ... }
- logical
{ $or: [ ... ] }
{ $and: [ ... ] }
{ foo: ..., bar: ... }
- implicitlyand
- binary
{ foo: ... }
– implicit equal{ $eq: ... }
{ $gt: ... }
{ $gte: ... }
{ $in: ... }
{ $like: ... }
– mssql like pattern matching{ $lt: ... }
{ $lte: ... }
{ $ne: ... }
{ $ng: ... }
– not greater{ $nl: ... }
– not less{ $notIn: [ ... ] }
{ $nin: [ ... ] }
– alias for$notIn
{ $distinct: ... }
– emulatedlhs is distinct from rhs
{ $notDistinct: ... }
– emulatedlhs is not distinct from rhs
{ $ndistinct: ... }
– alias for$notDistinct
Json value identifiers
Identifiers of C->Q
form are expanded to json_value(C, Q)
form.
Identifiers of C~>Q
form are expanded to json_query(C, Q)
form, where Q
is optional.
tsql.update('Actions', { 'payloadJson->$.retries': { $gt: 3 } }, { status: 'CANCELLED' })
Renders:
update Actions
set status = N'CANCELLED'
where (json_value(payloadJson, N'$.retries') > 3)
Tsql module
jsonValue: (column: string | SanitisedIdentifier, query: string) => SanitisedIdentifier
Returns JSON_VALUE(C) built-in function call.
jsonQuery: (column: string | SanitisedIdentifier, query?: string) => SanitisedIdentifier
Returns JSON_QUERY(C, Q?) built-in function call.
and: (...xs: unknown[]) => Sanitised
Returns terms joined with AND operator.
undefined
terms are filtered out.An empty list of terms returns logical true (1=1).
assign: (lhs: string | SanitisedIdentifier, rhs: unknown) => Sanitised
Returns assigment operator LHS = RHS.
undefined
RHS is propagated.null
RHS is left as is LHS = null.assignObject: (record: Record<string, unknown>) => Sanitised
Returns assigment clause based on provided record, ie. for UPDATE SET.
undefined
entries are filtered out.Throws {Error} if provided record doesn't have any non-
undefined
entries.auto: (value: unknown) => Sanitised
Returns automatically sanitised value.
Already sanitised values are returned as is.
undefined
andnull
return sanitisednull
.Finite numbers return sanitised, decimal numbers.
Booleans return sanitised
1
(true) or0
(false).Strings return sanitised unicode strings, ie.
N'foo'
.Objects return json-stringified, sanitised unicode strings, ie.
{foo:1}
returnsN'{"foo":1}'
.Throws {TypeError} for non-finite numbers (not supported by mssql).
Throws {TypeError} for all other values.
columns: (all: Record<string, string | boolean | Sanitised>, filter?: Record<string, boolean>) => Sanitised
Returns column projection based on provided record and optional filter.
delete: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, where?: Sanitised | Record<string, unknown>) => Sanitised
Returns DELETE DML for table with optional WHERE clause.
distinct: (lhs: string | Sanitised, rhs: unknown) => Sanitised
Returns emulated NULL aware comparision.
MSSQL doesn't support IS DISTINCT FROM comparision directly.
Single invocation of RHS is not guaranteed.
eq: (lhs: string | Sanitised, rhs: unknown) => Sanitised
Returns comparision expression.
null
RHS returns LHS IS NULL.undefined
RHS propagates.See distinct for NULL aware comparision.
exists: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, where: Sanitised | Record<string, unknown>) => Sanitised
Returns EXISTS query for table with WHERE clause.
fallback: <T>(x: T, f: (_: Exclude<T, SanitisedIdentifier | Sanitised>) => Sanitised) => Sanitised
Returns sanitised value as is, otherwise falls back to provided sanitation function.
falseValue: Sanitised
Value boolean false – 0 casted as BIT.
Logical booleans can be used in condition expressions, ie. WHERE clause.
Value booleans can be used in assignment statements, ie. UPDATE SET clause.
See falseValue for value boolean variant.
gt: (l: string | Sanitised, r: unknown) => Sanitised
Returns greater than expression.
undefined
RHS is propagated.gte: (l: string | Sanitised, r: unknown) => Sanitised
Returns greater than or equal expression.
undefined
RHS is propagated.identifier: (x: Identifier) => SanitisedIdentifier
Returns sanitised identifier.
Already sanitised identifiers are returned as is.
String including
->
is returned as JSON_VALUE(LHS, RHS).String including
~>
is returned as JSON_QUERY(LHS, RHS?)..
-separated string is split and joined.Strings are quoted if not plain. Non plain string is MSSQL keyword or string containing special characters.
Above rules are recursive with precedence as listed.
identifiers: (...xs: (string | SanitisedIdentifier)[]) => Sanitised
Returns comma separated list of provided identifiers.
See identifier
in: (l: string | Sanitised, r: unknown[]) => Sanitised
Returns LHS in (RHS) expression.
undefined
RHS propagates.Falsy or empty array RHS returns logical false.
inlineTableOfColumn: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, column: string | SanitisedIdentifier, values: unknown[]) => Sanitised
Returns single column literal table from provided array of values.
Throws {Error} if provided values array is empty.
inlineTableOfObjects: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, objects: readonly Record<string, unknown>[], maybeKeys?: string[]) => Sanitised
Returns literal table from provided array of records.
Throws {Error} if provided values array is empty.
insertIgnore: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, onKeys: string[], objects: Record<string, unknown>[], maybeObjectKeys?: string[], { hints }?: { hints?: TableHintLimited[]; }) => Sanitised
Returns insert DML ignoring existing rows.
If provided array of objects is empty, returns SELECT 0.
Optional hits can be provided. Defaults to SERIALIZABLE hint.
insertNotMatched: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, onKeys: string[], objects: Record<string, unknown>[], maybeObjectKeys?: string[], { hints }?: { hints?: TableHintLimited[]; }) => Sanitised
Returns merge DML that runs insert operations on target table from the result of a join with source table.
Already existing records are skipped.
This DML is using MERGE statement.
See insertIgnore for DML based on INSERT and LEFT JOIN.
insertObject: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, object: Record<string, unknown>) => Sanitised
Returns insert DML for single row.
undefined
entries are filtered out.Throws {TypeError} if there are no non-
undefined
entries.insertObjects: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, objects: Record<string, unknown>[], maybeKeys?: string[]) => Sanitised
Returns multiple row insert DML.
See insertIgnore for DML which ignores existing rows.
See insertNotMatched for DML which ignores existing rows using MERGE statement.
is: <Lhs, Rest extends unknown[], R>(f: (lhs: Lhs, ...args: Rest) => R, ...args: Rest) => (lhs: Lhs) => R
Returns where clause comparision combinator.
Usage:
Tsql.where({ foo: Tsql.is(Tsql.gt, 3) })
json: (x: unknown) => Sanitised
Returns stringified json.
undefined
value is serialised as NULL.jsonQuery: (column: string | SanitisedIdentifier, query?: string) => SanitisedIdentifier
Returns JSON_QUERY(C, Q?) built-in function call.
jsonValue: (column: string | SanitisedIdentifier, query: string) => SanitisedIdentifier
Returns JSON_VALUE(C) built-in function call.
like: (lhs: string | Sanitised, rhs: unknown) => Sanitised
Returns LIKE operator.
undefined
is propagated.limitedHintsIdentifier: (table: Identifier, hints?: TableHintLimited[]) => Sanitised
Returns identifier with optional, limited hints.
line: (...elements: unknown[]) => Sanitised
Returns space delimited line constructed from provided elements.
undefined
values are filtered out.Empty list returns sanitized empty string.
See maybeLine for variant which propagates emtpy list to undefined.
lines: <T>(xs: readonly T[], separator: string) => Sanitised
Returns lines joined with provided separator.
list: <T>(xs: readonly T[], f?: (_: T) => Sanitised) => Sanitised
Returns comma separated list of values.
Optional element to sanitised string mapping can be provided (defaults to auto-sanitation).
logicalFalse: Sanitised
Simulated logical false – 0=1.
Logical booleans can be used in condition expressions, ie. WHERE clause.
Value booleans can be used in assignment statements, ie. UPDATE SET clause.
See falseValue for value boolean variant.
logicalTrue: Sanitised
Simulated logical true – 1=1.
Logical booleans can be used in condition expressions, ie. WHERE clause.
Value booleans can be used in assignment statements, ie. UPDATE SET clause.
See trueValue for value boolean variant.
lt: (l: string | Sanitised, r: unknown) => Sanitised
Returns lower than expression.
undefined
RHS is propagated.lte: (l: string | Sanitised, r: unknown) => Sanitised
Returns lower than or equal expression.
undefined
RHS is propagated.maybeLine: (...elements: unknown[]) => Sanitised
Returns space delimited line constructed from provided elements.
undefined
values are filtered out.Empty list (after filtering out
undefined
) propagatesundefined
.merge1n: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, [lcolumn, rcolumn]: [string | SanitisedIdentifier, string | SanitisedIdentifier], lid: unknown, values: unknown[], { hints }?: { ...; }) => Sanitised
Returns MERGE DML synchronising 1-n relation.
modifyJsons: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, entries: readonly Record<string, unknown>[]) => Sanitised
Returns MERGE DML for json columns, multiple rows via JSON_MODIFY and JSON_QUERY.
ne: (l: string | Sanitised, r: unknown) => Sanitised
ng: (l: string | Sanitised, r: unknown) => Sanitised
nl: (l: string | Sanitised, r: unknown) => Sanitised
not: (rhs: Sanitised) => Sanitised
notDistinct: (lhs: string | Sanitised, rhs: unknown) => Sanitised
notIn: (l: string | Sanitised, r: unknown[]) => Sanitised
now: Sanitised
nstring: (value: string | Sanitised) => Sanitised
null: Sanitised
number: (x: number) => Sanitised
objectId: (name: string) => Sanitised
or: (...xs: unknown[]) => Sanitised
randomIdentifier: (prefix?: string, length?: number) => SanitisedIdentifier
raw: (x: string) => Sanitised
Returns force
x
string to be sanitised; no sanitation of any kind is performed.replaceObjects: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, onKeys: string[], objects: readonly Record<string, unknown>[], maybeObjectKeys?: string[], maybeUpdateKeys?: string[], maybeInsertKeys?: string[], { hints }?: { ...; }) => Sanitised
Returns merge dml that replaces target table with inlined source table.
row: <T>(xs: T[], f?: (_: T) => Sanitised) => Sanitised
Returns sanitised
rowset: <T>(xs: T[]) => Sanitised
Sanitised: typeof Sanitised
SanitisedIdentifier: typeof SanitisedIdentifier
select: (what: Sanitised | (string | Sanitised)[], { from, where }?: { from?: string | SanitisedIdentifier; where?: unknown; }) => Sanitised
star: (table?: string | SanitisedIdentifier) => Sanitised
TableHintLimited
template: (ts: TemplateStringsArray, ...vs: unknown[]) => Sanitised
top: (x?: number, ...rest: Sanitised[]) => Sanitised
Returns top expression.
Example top(1, raw('with ties'))
Example top(1, star)
Example top(0.1, star) // value in <0,1> range returns percent, ie.
top 10 percent
.Example top(1, ids('foo', 'bar', 'baz'))
trueValue: Sanitised
Value boolean true – 1 casted as BIT.
Logical booleans can be used in condition expressions, ie. WHERE clause.
Value booleans can be used in assignment statements, ie. UPDATE SET clause.
See trueValue for value boolean variant.
unix: Sanitised
update: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, where: Sanitised | Record<string, unknown>, object: Record<string, unknown>, { hints }?: { hints?: TableHintLimited[]; }) => Sanitised
updateObjects: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, onKeys: string[], objects: Record<string, unknown>[], maybeObjectKeys?: string[], maybeUpdateKeys?: string[], { hints }?: { hints?: TableHintLimited[]; }) => Sanitised
Returns update dml that runs update operations on target table from the result of a join with source table.
upsertObjects: (table: string | SanitisedIdentifier, onKeys: string[], objects: Record<string, unknown>[], maybeObjectKeys?: string[], maybeUpdateKeys?: string[], maybeInsertKeys?: string[], { hints }?: { ...; }) => Sanitised
Returns merge dml that runs insert or update operations on target table from the result of a join with source table.
where: (value: Where) => Sanitised
Returns simple where clause part from object.
Where: any
id: (x: Identifier) => SanitisedIdentifier
Returns sanitised identifier.
Already sanitised identifiers are returned as is.
String including
->
is returned as JSON_VALUE(LHS, RHS).String including
~>
is returned as JSON_QUERY(LHS, RHS?)..
-separated string is split and joined.Strings are quoted if not plain. Non plain string is MSSQL keyword or string containing special characters.
Above rules are recursive with precedence as listed.
ids: (...xs: (string | SanitisedIdentifier)[]) => Sanitised
Returns comma separated list of provided identifiers.
See identifier
S: typeof Sanitised
Sid: typeof SanitisedIdentifier
License
MIT License
Copyright 2019 Applied Blockchain
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.