Google Analytics v3 (Universal analytics)

This library exports the @analytics/google-analytics-v3 plugin for the analytics package & standalone methods for any project to use to make it easier to interact with Google Analytics.

This analytics plugin will load google analytics into your application.

For more information see the docs.

Upgrading to google analytics v4

Note: GA3 will be deprecated starting in July of 2023. You may probably want to change to Google Analytics 4.

For the newer version of google analytics please see the @analytics/google-analytics package or the GA4 plugin docs

• Upgrading to google analytics v4
• Installation
• How to use
• Platforms Supported
• Browser usage
  • Browser API
  • Configuration options for browser
• Server-side usage
  • Server-side API
  • Configuration options for server-side
• Additional examples
• Anonymize Visitor IPs
• Customizing event payloads
• Using GA Custom Dimensions
  • Set the "customDimensions" option
• Using multiple instances
• Custom Proxy Endpoint
• Electron Apps & Browser Extensions
• Custom GA Tasks
• Cookie Config

Installation

npm install analytics
npm install @analytics/google-analytics-v3

How to use

The @analytics/google-analytics-v3 package works in the browser and server-side in Node.js. To use, install the package, include in your project and initialize the plugin with analytics.

Below is an example of how to use the browser plugin.

import Analytics from 'analytics'
import googleAnalyticsV3 from '@analytics/google-analytics-v3'

const analytics = Analytics({
  app: 'awesome-app',
  plugins: [
    googleAnalyticsV3({
      trackingId: 'UA-1234567'
    })
  ]
})

/* Track a page view */
analytics.page()

/* Track a custom event */
analytics.track('playedVideo', {
  category: 'Videos',
  label: 'Fall Campaign',
  value: 42
})

/* Identify a visitor */
analytics.identify('user-id-xyz', {
  firstName: 'bill',
  lastName: 'murray'
})

After initializing analytics with the googleAnalyticsV3 plugin, data will be sent into Google Analytics whenever analytics.page, analytics.track, or analytics.identify are called.

See additional implementation examples for more details on using in your project.

Platforms Supported

The @analytics/google-analytics-v3 package works in the browser and server-side in Node.js

Browser usage

The Google Analytics client side browser plugin works with these analytic api methods:

• analytics.page - Sends page views into Google Analytics
• analytics.track - Track custom events and send to Google Analytics
• analytics.identify - Identify visitors and send details to Google Analytics

Browser API

import Analytics from 'analytics'
import googleAnalyticsV3 from '@analytics/google-analytics-v3'

const analytics = Analytics({
  app: 'awesome-app',
  plugins: [
    googleAnalyticsV3({
      trackingId: 'UA-1234567'
    })
  ]
})

Configuration options for browser

| Option | description | |:------------------------------------------------------|:-----------| | trackingId required - string | Google Analytics site tracking Id | | debug optional - boolean | Enable Google Analytics debug mode | | anonymizeIp optional - boolean | Enable Anonymizing IP addresses sent to Google Analytics. See details below | | customDimensions optional - object | Map Custom dimensions to send extra information to Google Analytics. See details below | | resetCustomDimensionsOnPage optional - object| Reset custom dimensions by key on analytics.page() calls. Useful for single page apps. | | setCustomDimensionsToPage optional - boolean | Mapped dimensions will be set to the page & sent as properties of all subsequent events on that page. If false, analytics will only pass custom dimensions as part of individual events | | instanceName optional - string | Custom tracker name for google analytics. Use this if you need multiple googleAnalytics scripts loaded | | customScriptSrc optional - string | Custom URL for google analytics script, if proxying calls | | cookieConfig optional - object | Additional cookie properties for configuring the ga cookie | | tasks optional - object | Set custom google analytic tasks | | nonce optional - string | Content-Security-Policy nonce value |

Server-side usage

The Google Analytics server-side node.js plugin works with these analytic api methods:

• analytics.page - Sends page views into Google Analytics
• analytics.track - Track custom events and send to Google Analytics
• analytics.identify - Identify visitors and send details to Google Analytics

Server-side API

import Analytics from 'analytics'
import googleAnalytics from '@analytics/google-analytics-v3'

const analytics = Analytics({
  app: 'awesome-app',
  plugins: [
    googleAnalytics({
      trackingId: '123-xyz'
    })
  ]
})

Configuration options for server-side

| Option | description | |:---------------------------|:-----------| | trackingId required - string| Google Analytics site tracking Id |

Additional examples

Below are additional implementation examples.

import Analytics from 'analytics'
import googleAnalytics from '@analytics/google-analytics-v3'

const analytics = Analytics({
  app: 'awesome-app',
  plugins: [
    googleAnalytics({
      trackingId: '123-xyz'
    })
    // ...other plugins
  ]
})

/* Track a page view */
analytics.page()

/* Track a custom event */
analytics.track('cartCheckout', {
  item: 'pink socks',
  price: 20
})

/* Identify a visitor */
analytics.identify('user-id-xyz', {
  firstName: 'bill',
  lastName: 'murray'
})

If using node, you will want to import the .default

const analyticsLib = require('analytics').default
const googleAnalytics = require('@analytics/google-analytics-v3').default

const analytics = analyticsLib({
  app: 'my-app-name',
  plugins: [
    googleAnalytics({
      trackingId: '123-xyz'
    })
  ]
})

/* Track a page view */
analytics.page()

/* Track a custom event */
analytics.track('cartCheckout', {
  item: 'pink socks',
  price: 20
})

/* Identify a visitor */
analytics.identify('user-id-xyz', {
  firstName: 'bill',
  lastName: 'murray'
})

Below is an example of importing via the unpkg CDN. Please note this will pull in the latest version of the package.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Using @analytics/google-analytics-v3 in HTML</title>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/analytics/dist/analytics.min.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/@analytics/google-analytics-v3/dist/@analytics/google-analytics-v3.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
      /* Initialize analytics */
      var Analytics = _analytics.init({
        app: 'my-app-name',
        plugins: [
          analyticsGa.init({
            trackingId: 'UA-1234567'
          })
        ]
      })

      /* Track a page view */
      analytics.page()

      /* Track a custom event */
      analytics.track('playedVideo', {
        category: 'Videos',
        label: 'Fall Campaign',
        value: 42
      })

      /* Identify a visitor */
      analytics.identify('user-id-xyz', {
        firstName: 'bill',
        lastName: 'murray'
      })
    </script>
  </head>
  <body>
    ....
  </body>
</html>

Using @analytics/google-analytics-v3 in ESM modules.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Using @analytics/google-analytics-v3 in HTML via ESModules</title>
    <script>
      // Polyfill process.
      // **Note**: Because `import`s are hoisted, we need a separate, prior <script> block.
      window.process = window.process || { env: { NODE_ENV: 'production' } }
    </script>
    <script type="module">
      import analytics from 'https://unpkg.com/analytics/lib/analytics.browser.es.js?module'
      import analyticsGa from 'https://unpkg.com/@analytics/google-analytics-v3/lib/analytics-plugin-ga.browser.es.js?module'
      /* Initialize analytics */
      const Analytics = analytics({
        app: 'analytics-html-demo',
        debug: true,
        plugins: [
          analyticsGa({
            trackingId: 'UA-1234567'
          })
          // ... add any other third party analytics plugins
        ]
      })

      /* Track a page view */
      analytics.page()

      /* Track a custom event */
      analytics.track('playedVideo', {
        category: 'Videos',
        label: 'Fall Campaign',
        value: 42
      })

      /* Identify a visitor */
      analytics.identify('user-id-xyz', {
        firstName: 'bill',
        lastName: 'murray'
      })
    </script>
  </head>
  <body>
    ....
  </body>
</html>

Anonymize Visitor IPs

Google analytics allows you to anonymize visitor IP addresses.

To anonymize the IP addresses of your visitors set the anonymizeIp configuration option.

import Analytics from 'analytics'
import googleAnalytics from '@analytics/google-analytics-v3'

/* initialize analytics */
const analytics = Analytics({
  app: 'awesome-app',
  plugins: [
    googleAnalytics({
      trackingId: 'UA-1223141231',
      /* Anonymize the IP addresses */
      anonymizeIp: true
    }),
  ]
})

Customizing event payloads

To send tracking custom events to Google Analytics with eventLabel, eventCategory, and eventValue fields, add the label, category, and value keys to the event properties.

analytics.track('play', {
  category: 'Videos',
  label: 'Fall Campaign',
  value: 42
})

Using GA Custom Dimensions

To use Google Analytics custom dimensions, use the customDimensions configuration option and map the values to the custom dimension slots.

Set the "customDimensions" option

When initializing analytics, make sure you set customDimensions and map your values.

import Analytics from 'analytics'
import googleAnalytics from '@analytics/google-analytics-v3'

/* initialize analytics */
const analytics = Analytics({
  app: 'awesome-app',
  plugins: [
    googleAnalytics({
      trackingId: 'UA-1223141231',
      /* Map your Google Analytics custom dimensions here */
      customDimensions: {
        baz: 'dimension1',
        foo: 'dimension2',
        flam: 'dimension3',
      },
    }),
  ]
})

The above config will map baz to dimension1, foo to dimension2, and flam to dimension3

When track, page, or identify calls are made, the mapped values will automatically set to Google Analytics custom dimensions.

/* Tracking example */
analytics.track('buttonClicked', {
   baz: 'hello', // baz is mapped to GA custom dimension "dimension1"
   foo: 'cool'   // foo is mapped to GA custom dimension "dimension2"
})

Under the hood, analytics automatically sets the custom dimensions in Google Analytics like so:

window.ga('set', {dimension1: 'hello', dimension2: 'cool'})

This also works with page & identify calls.

/* Identify example */
analytics.identify('user123', {
   flam: 'wow' // flam is mapped to GA custom dimension "dimension3"
})

// This is mapped to window.ga('set', {  dimension3: 'wow' })

Using multiple instances

While not advised, it's possible to use multiple Google Analytics instances on a single site.

To use more than one google analytics instance in an app use the instanceName config field and make sure to override the default plugin name.

Here is an example of using 2 Google Analytics instances in an app.

import Analytics from 'analytics'
import googleAnalytics from '@analytics/google-analytics-v3'

// Normal google analytics instance
const instanceOne = googleAnalytics({
  trackingId: '123-xyz',
})

// Second google analytics instance with override for 'name' field of the plugin
const instanceTwo = {
  // initialize the 2nd instance with 'instanceName' field set
  ...googleAnalytics({
    trackingId: '567-abc',
    instanceName: 'two'
  }),
  // change 'name' plugin to avoid namespace collisions
  ...{
    name: 'google-analytics-two'
  }
}

/* Object.assign example
const instanceTwo = Object.assign({}, googleAnalytics({
    trackingId: '567-abc',
    instanceName: 'two'
  }), {
    name: 'google-analytics-two'
  }
}) */

const analytics = Analytics({
  app: 'awesome-app',
  plugins: [
    // Instance 1 of Google Analytics
    instanceOne,
    // Instance 2 of Google Analytics
    instanceTwo
  ]
})

Using the above configuration all tracking, page views, and identify calls will flow into both Google Analytics accounts.

Custom Proxy Endpoint

In specific scenarios, you might want to load your own version of google analytics to send requests to a proxy.

To do this, you can add the customScriptSrc option pointing to your custom Google Analytics script.

import Analytics from 'analytics'
import googleAnalytics from '@analytics/google-analytics-v3'

const analytics = Analytics({
  app: 'awesome-app',
  plugins: [
    googleAnalytics({
      trackingId: '123-xyz',
      customScriptSrc: 'https://my-url.com/to-custom-ga.js'
    })
  ]
})

If using a proxied endpoint, it is recommended to combine this technique with the do-not-track plugin to ensure website visitors privacy.

Electron Apps & Browser Extensions

Electron apps bundle and serve their code from the file:// extension. Likewise, browser extensions serve files from chrome-extension://. This causes issues like this & this with Google Analytics.

To fix chrome extensions, use the tasks configuration and set checkProtocolTask to null.

To fix electron apps, use the tasks configuration option described below and set checkProtocolTask, checkStorageTask, & historyImportTask to null.

Here is an example:

import Analytics from 'analytics'
import googleAnalytics from '@analytics/google-analytics-v3'

/* initialize analytics and load plugins */
const analytics = Analytics({
  app: 'my-app',
  plugins: [
    googleAnalytics({
      trackingId: '123-xyz',
      // Override or disable GA Tasks https://bit.ly/31Xetmg
      tasks: {
        // Set checkProtocolTask, checkStorageTask, & historyImportTask for electron apps
        checkProtocolTask: null,
        checkStorageTask: null,
        historyImportTask: null,
      }
    }),
  ]
})

Custom GA Tasks

In specific scenarios, you might need to disable or alter the default Google Analytic Tasks.

For example, you might want to cancel a request or enrich it. You can do this via analytics plugins or use the tasks config option on GA plugin for access to the tracker instance for GA only.

The tasks that can be hooked into are listed below & in the GA task docs

• customTask By default, this task does nothing. Override it to provide custom behavior.
• previewTask Aborts the request if the page is only being rendered to generate a 'Top Sites' thumbnail for Safari.
• checkProtocolTask Aborts the request if the page protocol is not http or https.
• validationTask Aborts the request if required fields are missing or invalid.
• checkStorageTask Aborts the request if the tracker is configured to use cookies but the user's browser has cookies disabled.
• historyImportTask Imports info from ga.js/urchin.js cookies to preserve history when a site migrates to Universal Analytics.
• samplerTask Samples out visitors based on the sampleRate setting for this tracker.
• buildHitTask Builds a measurement protocol request string and stores it in the hitPayload field.
• sendHitTask Transmits the measurement protocol request stored in the hitPayload field to Google Analytics servers.
• timingTask Automatically generates a site speed timing hit based on the siteSpeedSampleRate setting for this tracker.
• displayFeaturesTask Sends an additional hit if display features is enabled & a previous hit has not been sent within the timeout period set by the advertising features cookie (_gat).

import Analytics from 'analytics'
import googleAnalytics from '@analytics/google-analytics-v3'

/* initialize analytics and load plugins */
const analytics = Analytics({
  app: 'cool-app',
  plugins: [
    googleAnalytics({
      trackingId: '123-xyz',
      // Override or disable GA Tasks https://bit.ly/31Xetmg
      tasks: {
        // https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/tasks#adding_to_a_task
        sendHitTask: function (tracker) {
          // Save original Task
          var originalTask = tracker.get('sendHitTask')
          // Modifies sendHitTask to send a copy of the request to a local server after
          tracker.set('sendHitTask', function (model) {
            // 1. Send the normal request to www.google-analytics.com/collect.
            originalTask(model);
            // 2. Send to local server
            var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
            xhr.open('POST', '/localhits', true);
            xhr.send(model.get('hitPayload'));
          })
        },
        // https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/tasks#aborting_task_processing
        buildHitTask: (tracker) => {
          // Save original Task
          const originalBuildHitTask = tracker.get('buildHitTask')
          // Set custom buildHitTask with abort
          tracker.set('buildHitTask', function (model) {
            if (document.cookie.match(/testing=true/)) {
              throw new Error('Aborted tracking for test user.')
            }
            originalBuildHitTask(model);
          })
        },
      }
    }),
  ]
})

Cookie Config

Some situations require changing the cookie properties of the Google Analytics cookie itself.

The GA Cookie fields that are available are:

| Field Name | Value Type | Default value | Description | |:---------------------------|:-----------|:------------------|:---------------------| | cookieName| text| _ga | Name of the cookie used to store analytics data | | cookieDomain| text| The result of the following JavaScript expression: document.location.hostname | Specifies the domain used to store the analytics cookie. Setting this to 'none' sets the cookie without specifying a domain. | | cookieExpires| integer| 63072000 (two years, in seconds) | Specifies the cookie expiration, in seconds. | | cookieUpdate| boolean| true | When cookieUpdate is set to true (the default value), analytics.js will update cookies on each page load. This will update the cookie expiration to be set relative to the most recent visit to the site. | | cookieFlags| text | | Specifies additional flags to append to the cookie. Flags must be separated by semicolons. |

You can add these properties in the cookieConfig on the plugin config.

import Analytics from 'analytics'
import googleAnalytics from '@analytics/google-analytics-v3'

const analytics = Analytics({
  app: 'awesome-app',
  plugins: [
    googleAnalytics({
      trackingId: 'UA-1234567',
      cookieConfig: {
        cookieName: 'gaCookie',
        cookieDomain: 'blog.example.co.uk',
        cookieExpires: 60 * 60 * 24 * 28,  // Time in seconds.
        cookieUpdate: 'false',
        cookieFlags: 'SameSite=None; Secure',
      }
    })
  ]
})